中国荷斯坦牛繁殖性状的基因型与环境互作  

Genotype by Environment Interaction of Fertility Traits for the Holstein Cattle in China

作　　者：师睿[1,2] 李珊珊 张海亮 路海博[1,3] 闫青霞 张毅[1] 陈绍祜[4] 王雅春[1] SHI Rui;LI Shanshan;ZHANG Hailiang;LU Haibo;YAN Qingxia;ZHANG Yi;CHEN Shaohu;WANG Yachun(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Wageningen University and Research,Wageningen 6708 PB,Netherlands;Beijing Consortium for Innovative Bio-Breeding,Beijing 101206,China;Dairy Association of China,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]荷兰瓦赫宁根大学,瓦赫宁根6708PB [3]北京生物种业创新联合体,北京101206 [4]中国奶业协会,北京100193

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第9期3968-3977,共10页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT_15R62);国家留学基金委(留金美[2019]13043)。

摘　　要：旨在估计奶牛繁殖性状在不同地区的遗传参数,检测同一繁殖性状在不同地区之间的基因型与环境互作(G×E)效应。本研究利用全国6个地区2064个牧场2005至2022年的荷斯坦牛群繁殖记录,计算了2个重要繁殖性状:初产日龄(AFC)和产犊间隔(CI),共包含1787590和2476422条表型数据。同时对该原始表型数据进行详细的质控和分组。随后,通过BLUPF90软件的airemlf90模块利用单性状动物模型和重复力模型对6个地区的2个繁殖性状进行了遗传分析,使用双性状动物和重复力模型估计同一性状不同地区之间的遗传相关,作为基因型与环境之间效应(G×E)的检测指标。结果表明,研究所设定的质控条件能够剔除分布异常的表型值;AFC的遗传力较高且在地区间差异较大(0.06~0.40),而CI的遗传力较低且各地区间差异较小(0.02~0.04);在大多数地区组合下,2个繁殖性状皆检测到了显著的G×E效应(P<0.05)。综上,同一繁殖性状在不同地区的遗传表现存在差异,且部分区域之间存在显著的G×E效应。因此,对我国奶牛繁殖性状进行遗传改良时需考虑区域性差异及G×E效应对遗传进展的影响。This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of fertility traits in different regions,and to test the effect of genotype by environment interactions(G×E)across regions.The raw fertility data were collected from 2064 Holstein dairy farms in 6 regions of China,including records from 2005 to 2022.A total of 1787590 and 2476422 phenotypic records were derived from the raw data for age at first calving(AFC),and calving interval(CI).Meanwhile,these phenotypes data were quality controlled and separated into different datasets for subsequent analysis.The statistical models used in this study were all incorporated in the airemlf90 module of BLUPF90.Univariate animal(and repeatability)models were used for estimating genetic parameters for these 2 traits in 6 regions,while bivariate animal(and repeatability)models were used to estimate genetic correlations between the regions,which are the indicators of G×E.The results indicated that the proposed quality control steps could filter abnormal phenotypes records.The heritabilities of AFC were relatively high and varied across regions(0.06-0.40),whereas the heritabilities of CI were low but remained similar across regions(0.02-0.04).Significant G×E effect(P<0.05)was observed across most of the regions for both traits.In conclusion,the genetic parameters of the same fertility trait varied across the regions in China,and significant G×E effect was detected for the trait in partial regions.Therefore,it is highly recommended to consider the impacts of regional difference and G×E effect on genetic advance when breeding for fertility traits of dairy cattle in China.

关 键 词：奶牛 繁殖性状 遗传参数 基因型与环境互作 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学] S823.3[农业科学—畜牧兽医]