公共品性质、技术适配与基层治理有效  

The Nature and Technological Adaptation of Public Goods,and Effective Primary-Level Governance

作　　者：李佩娴 LI Peixian

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《决策与信息》2024年第10期70-82,共13页Decision & Information

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(22&ZD173)。

摘　　要：农村公共品可以分为标准化基本公共品、非规则基础性公共品、非规则发展性公共品三种类型,通过公共品性质辨析可以构建农村公共品供给的不同适应模式,进而提升资源下乡的治理效能。基于对宁乡市D镇“三三制”村级公共品供给模式调查发现,农村公共品的“共域公给”导致了民主协商空间和民主监督空间消解。通过分类供给与确立责任边界、创设组织架构与打造治理平台,广泛组织动员群众参与到基层民主治理中来,不仅提升了村庄公共品供给效率,也实现了基层治理能力的提高。基于此,现阶段,要实现资源下乡背景下基层治理有效,一是要将以县为主的公共品供应模式变为乡镇统筹的竞争性适应模式,以解决项目资源不均衡分配与供需间的错位;二是要将治理成本包干主体下移,扭转国家资源下乡中基层治理能力的弱化趋势;三是要重塑新型治理模式,通过资源输入和制度输入解决传统代理人体制中代理人失控乱象,实现基层治理有效。Rural public goods can be divided into three types:standardized basic public goods,irregular basic public goods and irregular developmental public goods.Through the analysis of the nature of public goods,we can build different adaptation modes of rural public goods supply,and then improve the governance efficiency of resources to the countryside.Based on the investigation of the"three three system"village level public goods supply mode in D town of Ningxiang City,it is found that the"common domain public supply"of rural public goods leads to the digestion of democratic consultation space and democratic supervision space.By classifying the supply and establishing the responsibility boundary,creating the organizational structure and building the governance platform,and widely organizing and mobilizing the masses to participate in the grass-roots democratic governance,the efficiency of the supply of public goods in villages has been improved,and the grass-roots governance ability has also been improved.Based on this,at this stage,in order to achieve effective grass-roots governance under the background of resources going to the countryside,the first is to change the county-based public goods supply mode into the competitive adaptation mode of township overall planning,so as to solve the imbalance of project resources distribution and the dislocation between supply and demand;Second,the main body of governance cost contracting should be moved down to reverse the weakening trend of grass-roots governance ability in the countryside with national resources;Third,we should reshape the new governance model,solve the agent out of control chaos in the traditional agent system through resource input and system input,and achieve effective grass-roots governance.

关 键 词：基层治理 项目下乡 公共品性质 公共品供给 村民自治 治理有效 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]