单尾裙式EFP超音速气动特性及飞行稳定性研究  

Research on Supersonic Aerodynamic Characteristics and Flight Stability of Single-tailed Skirted EFP

作　　者：李珍珍 杨永亮[1] 杨贵涛 王雅君 杨宝良[2] 张东江 郭锐[1] LI Zhenzhen;YANG Yongliang;YANG Guitao;WANG Yajun;YANG Baoliang;ZHANG Dongjiang;GUO Rui(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Xi'an Modern Control Technology Research Institute,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]西安现代控制技术研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《弹道学报》2024年第3期40-48,共9页Journal of Ballistics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11372136,12202200);中国博士后基金(2022M711641)。

摘　　要：飞行稳定性对爆炸成型弹丸(EFP)的存速能力和着靶姿态有直接显著的影响,进而影响EFP远距离飞行后的侵彻威力。为了获得低阻且飞行稳定的EFP构型,针对超音速(马赫数为4~7)飞行的单尾裙式EFP,数值研究了结构参数(尾裙角为0°~25°、尾裙长与总长之比为0.2~0.7、长径比为3~7、实心长与总长之比为0.2~1)对EFP的升力系数、阻力系数、静稳定储备量等气动参数的影响规律。结果表明:升力系数、阻力系数与尾裙角、尾裙长和长径比均呈正相关。静稳定储备量与尾裙角和长径比均呈正相关,随尾裙长的增大,其先增大后减小。实心长对EFP的升力系数、阻力系数和压心位置几乎无影响,但实心长通过改变EFP质心位置进而影响静稳定储备量。当尾裙角为20°、尾裙长与总长比为0.265、实心长与总长比为0.755及长径比为5时,单尾裙EFP结构兼具较低的阻力和良好的飞行稳定性。探究了马赫数和攻角对该型EFP的升阻力系数和静稳定储备量的影响规律,结果表明:马赫数越大,阻力系数越小;攻角越大,阻力系数和静稳定储备量越大。研究结果从空气动力学角度为具有高侵彻性能EFP战斗部的设计提供参考。Flight stability has a direct and significant effect on the retention ability and target attitude of explosively formed projectile(EFP),and then affects the penetration power of EFP after long distance flight.In order to obtain an EFP configuration with low resistance and flight stability,a single-tail skirt EFP for supersonic flight(Mach 4-7)was proposed.The effects of structural parameters(tail skirt angle 0°-25°,tail skirt length to total length ratio 0.2-0.7,length-diameter ratio 3-7,solid length-total length ratio 0.2-1)on aerodynamic parameters such as lift coefficient,drag coefficient and static stability reserve of EFP were studied numerically.The results show that lift coefficient and drag coefficient are positively correlated with tail skirt angle,tail skirt length and length-diameter ratio.Statically stable reserve is positively correlated with tail skirt angle and length-diameter ratio,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of tail skirt length.The solid length has almost no effect on the lift coefficient,drag coefficient and pressure center position of EFP,but the solid length affects the static stability reserve by changing the centroid position of EFP.The analysis shows that when the tail skirt angle is 20°,the ratio of the tail skirt length to total length is 0.265,the ratio of the solid length to total length is 0.755 and the length-diameter ratio is 5,the EFP structure of the single tail skirt has low resistance and good flight stability.The influence of Mach number and angle of attack on the lift resistance coefficient and static stability reserve of EFP was studied.The results show that the larger the Mach number,the smaller the resistance coefficient.The larger the angle of attack,the larger the resistance coefficient and the static stability reserve.The research results offer reference for the design of EFP warhead with high penetration performance from the perspective of aerodynamics.

关 键 词：爆炸成型弹丸 高超音速 尾裙稳定弹丸 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TJ410.3[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]