收入渴望与农户农业生产性投入——来自整村苹果种植户追踪数据的证据  

Income Aspirations and Peasants’Agricultural Productive Inputs——Evidence from a Longitudinal Survey on Two Village Apple Growers

作　　者：尤亮 申洲尧 田祥宇[3] You Liang;Shen Zhouyao;Tian Xiangyu(Institute of Platform Economy,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,P.R.China;School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P.R.China;School of Accounting,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学平台经济研究院,太原030006 [2]南开大学经济学院,天津300071 [3]山西财经大学会计学院,太原030006

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期110-124,共15页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“渴望及其对农村居民收入差距的影响研究”(71903117)。

摘　　要：将收入渴望引入农户农业生产行为的分析框架中,有助于从内生动力视角解析农户行为决策所面临的内在约束。以陕西富县两个整村苹果种植户的追踪调查数据为例,使用固定效应模型探讨家庭决策者收入渴望如何影响农户农业生产性投入的研究发现,收入渴望不仅能够激励农户增加物质投入,也能提升农户人工投入,且该研究结论是稳健的。调节效应分析结果表明,家庭决策者年龄越大,收入渴望对农户人工投入的激励作用越小;家庭外出务工比例越高,收入渴望对农户物质投入的激励作用越小。在不同的物质投入分位点上,由于农户的劳动力比例和家庭资产不同,导致收入渴望对农户物质投入的影响存在着异质性,而该现象并未在收入渴望对农户人工投入的影响中出现。进一步分析表明,收入渴望并非越高越好,当收入渴望脱离现实收入状况时会抑制农户农业生产性投入。因此,政策制定不仅要考虑通过外援助推式政策缓解农民外部约束,还应重视通过内源式发展政策激发农民的内生动力。As China’s national economic level continues to improve,the role of agriculture in safeguarding people’s wellbeing and national security is becoming increasingly significant.Since the implementation of China’s reform and opening up policy,the Chinese government has established the Household Contract Responsibility System,which designates small-scale peasants as the primary production units.This institution has been implemented with the objective of stimulating peasants’productivity and improving agricultural production efficiency.Nevertheless,as urbanization has continued to advance,the migration of rural labor to urban areas has become a normal trend,and issues such as rural depopulation and agricultural marginalization have become increasingly prevalent.The question of“‘who will farm’in the future”has become a significant concern for all sectors of the public.The 2024 No.1 Central Document explicitly stated that the focus should be on solving the problem of“who will farm”with small-scale peasants as the basis,new agricultural business entities as the focus,and social services as support.This approach is designed to accelerate the formation of a high-quality production and management team that is suitable for modern agriculture.Consequently,the mobilization of the productive enthusiasm of a multitude of production and management entities,predominantly small-scale peasants,has emerged as the pivotal means of resolving this issue.It is evident that stimulating peasants’enthusiasm for agricultural production must begin with an examination of the internal constraints that they face.This approach offers a compelling explanation for why the rural development and motivation of peasants’productivity remain low even after the constraints imposed by external factors have been removed.In light of its pivotal role in driving peasants’intrinsic motivation,income aspirations have emerged as a focal point of considerable interest within the academic community.In light of the aforementioned constraints

关 键 词：共同富裕 物质投入 人工投入 收入渴望 农业强国 

分 类 号：F326.13[经济管理—产业经济]