微生物视紫红质的研究进展  

Research progress on microbial rhodopsins

作　　者：李聪健 张玉琴[1] LI Congjian;ZHANG Yuqin(Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院医药生物技术研究所,北京100050

出　　处：《生物资源》2024年第4期311-323,共13页Biotic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32170021);国家微生物资源平台建设(NIMR-2023-3)。

摘　　要：微生物视紫红质是广泛存在于微生物中的一类光敏性膜蛋白。这类蛋白可划分为两个蛋白家族:Ⅰ型微生物视紫红质和近期发现的阳光视紫红质。两个蛋白家族的七跨膜螺旋结构相似,但膜拓扑结构朝向相反。在光循环中,它们通过共有的7个跨膜螺旋构象变化,执行一系列不同的光介导的能量和信号转导过程。系统综述了微生物视紫红质的研究进展,包括其发现、分类、结构功能、生态学意义及其在生物技术中的应用。Microbial rhodopsins are photoreceptive proteins widely found in microorganisms.These proteins are cat‑egorized into two families:typeⅠmicrobial rhodopsins and the recently discovered microbial heliorhodopsin.The two protein families have similar seven transmembrane helices but opposite membrane orientations.These rhodopsins partici‑pate in a portfolio of distinct light‐driven energy and sensory transduction processes through conformational changes of the shared seven transmembrane helices during the simliar photocycle.In this overview,we discuss the research progress of microbial rhodopsins,including the discovery,classification,structural function,and ecological roles of these two rhodop‑sin families.

关 键 词：微生物视紫红质 视黄醛 离子泵 感光蛋白 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]