氮磷钾配施对杉木幼苗生长和光合特性的影响  

Effects of different N,P,K fertilization ratios on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings

作　　者：杨培蓉 吕宁宁 刘子晗 钟淑芳 叶义全[1,2,3] 曹光球 许珊珊[1,2,3] YANG Peirong;LYU Ningning;LIU Zihan;ZHONG Shufang;YE Yiquan;CAO Guangqiu;XU Shanshan(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002;Chinese Fir Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou 350002;University Key Laboratory of Forestry Stress Physiology,Ecology and Molecular Biology of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]国家林业和草原局杉木工程技术研究中心,福州350002 [3]林木逆境生理生态及分子生物学福建省高校重点实验室,福州350002

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第4期537-547,共11页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2201302,2016YFD0600301)资助。

摘　　要：为研究不同氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)配比施肥对杉木幼苗生长、光合生理、根系形态和养分积累的影响,筛选出适合杉木幼苗生长的养分配比,为杉木苗期的养分管理提供理论依据,以1年生杉木幼苗‘洋061’为材料,采用{3,3}单纯形-重心设计,设置不同N、P、K配比,即T1(6∶3∶1)、T2(2∶7∶1)、T3(2∶3∶5)、T4(4∶5∶1)、T5(4∶3∶3)、T6(2∶5∶3)和T7(1∶1.3∶0.7),并以不施肥处理(CK)为对照,研究杉木幼苗生长、光合特性、根系形态和养分积累对不同施肥配比响应的差异。在此基础上,采用隶属函数法筛选出适合杉木幼苗生长的N、P、K配比。结果表明:1)与CK相比,不同配比施肥均能不同程度促进杉木苗高、地径、生物量和根平均直径的生长,除T4和T5外不同配比施肥下杉木根系总根长、总根表面积和总根体积均高于CK。2)配比施肥不同程度促进光合色素的积累,其中在T5(4∶3∶3)、T7(1∶1.3∶0.7)条件下叶片叶绿素a/b值和光合色素含量达到最大。此外,氮磷钾配施处理不同程度提高幼苗根、茎、叶中养分元素含量。3)与CK相比,不同配比施肥均不同程度提高叶片净光合速率和水分利用效率,降低叶片蒸腾速率和气孔导度;同时还不同程度提高杉木叶片最大荧光、可变荧光、PSⅡ潜在光化学效率、光化学猝灭系数和PSⅡ最大光化学效率(T2除外)。4)隶属函数法分析结果表明,T5处理(4∶3∶3)下其隶属值最大。综上所述,T5处理(4∶3∶3)是本试验条件下适宜‘洋061’生长的N、P、K配比,在上述条件下可以获得满意的生长效果。In order to select a suitable nutrient ratio for the growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings,the effects of different ratios of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)fertilizers on the growth,photosynthesis physiology,root morphology and nutrient accumulation of C.lanceolata seedlings were investigated,thus providing a theoretical basis for the nutritional management of C.lanceolata during seedlings stage.In this study,a simplex-centroid experimental design was employed to investigate the different growth,photosynthesis characteristic,root morphology and nutrient accumulation responses of C.lanceolata seedlings under various fertilization ratios of N,P and K,namely,T1(6∶3∶1),T2(2∶7∶1),T3(2∶3∶5),T4(4∶5∶1),T5(4∶3∶3),T6(2∶5∶3)and T7(1∶1.3∶0.7),along with non-fertilization treatment(CK)by using one-year-old C.lanceolata seedlings‘Yang 061’as the material.On this basis,the N,P,and K ratios suitable for the growth of C.lanceolata seedlings were screened by the subordinate function value method.The results were as follows.1)Compared with CK,the different fertilization ratios of N,P and K could promote the growth of the seedling height,ground diameter,biomass,and average root diameter of C.lanceolata to varying degrees.The total root length,total root surface area and total root volume of C.lanceolata seedlings under different fertilization ratios were all higher than CK except for those in T4 and T5 treatments.2)The different fertilization ratios of N,P and K could increase the contents of photosynthetic pigments to different degrees.The chlorophyll a/b value and photosynthetic pigment content in the leaves reached their maximum values under T5(4∶3∶3)and T7(1∶1.3∶0.7)treatments,respectively.In addition,the nutrient element contents in different organs were increased as well under different fertilization ratios of N,P and K.3)The net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency in the leaves were increased to different degrees under different fertilization ratios of N,P and

关 键 词：配比施肥 杉木 苗木质量 光合特性 养分元素 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]