蝉花优良菌株的选育  

Breeding of excellent strains of Cordyceps chanhua

作　　者：纪伟 苏文英 王一璞 刘晓梅 任立凯 杨紫唯 周祉蕴 陈克龙 JI Wei;SU Wenying;WANG Yipu;LIU Xiaomei;REN Likai;YANG Ziwei;ZHOU Zhiyun;CHEN Kelong(Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Science,Lianyungang 222000;College of Geographical Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810000)

机构地区：[1]连云港市农业科学院,连云港222000 [2]青海师范大学地理科学学院,西宁810000

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第4期697-705,共9页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏现代农业(蔬菜)产业技术体系(JATS[2022]177);连云港市财政专项(QNJJ2410);连云港市食用菌全产业链建设项目(连农复(2023)14号);连云港市科协软课题项目(Lkxzd2405,Lkxyb23027)共同资助。

摘　　要：蝉花(Cordyceps chanhua)是一种药食两用虫草科真菌,是食品和保健品领域极具开发潜力的重要新原料。为探究野生蝉花不同分离方式对生物学特性和活性成分的影响,以大别山地区采集的5株野生蝉花为研究对象,采用分生孢子分离和组织分离(菌核分离)两种方法对野生蝉花进行分离,获取蝉花菌株10株,比较分析不同蝉花菌株的菌落形态、生长速度、子实体产量和活性物质含量等,使用归一化法进行品质综合评价和聚类热图分析。结果表明:分生孢子分离菌株与组织分离的菌株相比,除菌落生长速度外,子实体鲜重、子实体长度、子实体直径、生物学效率和活性成分等各项指标普遍占优,蝉花的菌落生长速度并不能作为菌株优劣的筛选依据,子实体产孢量与生物学效率和活性成分含量呈负相关;经比较分析发现4株综合品质较好的菌株,分别为IC1-1、IC3-1、IC1-2和IC2-1,子实体湿重在12.17~15.31 g之间,子实体长度在6.20~7.00 cm之间,子实体直径在2.15~2.75 mm之间,子实生物学效率在40.57%~51.03%之间,腺苷含量在1.76~1.89 mg·g^(-1)之间,多糖含量在46.1~50.1 mg·g^(-1)之间,N~6-(2-羟乙基)腺苷含量在1.21~1.33 mg·g^(-1)之间。该研究为蝉花资源保护和品种创制提供了理论依据。Cordyceps chanhua is a medicinal and edible fungus in the Cordyceps family,and it is an important new raw material with great development potential in the field of food and health products.This research aimed to assess the impact of isolation methods on both the biological characteristics and the active ingredients of this wild species.Five distinct wild C.chanhua specimens from the Dabie Mountains were examined using conidiospore and tissue(sclerotium)separation methods,and 10 strains were successfully isolated.A comparative analysis was conducted on parameters such as colony morphology,growth rate,yield of fruiting body,and active substance content.The quality of fruiting body was comprehensively evaluated using normalization method and cluster heat map analysis.As per result findings,the strains isolated from conidiospores exhibited overall superiority in key indicators(excluding colony growth rate)such as weight,length,diameter of fruiting body,biological efficiency and active ingredients.Colony growth rate was deemed inappropriate for strain quality screening.Notably,there was an inverse correlation between the spore yield of fruiting body and biological efficiency,and active ingredient content.Four strains with excellent comprehensive characteristics were screened,including strains IC1-1,IC3-1,IC1-2 and IC2-1.The wet weight of the fruiting body ranged from 12.17 to 15.31 g;the length of the fruiting body ranged from 6.20 to 7.00 cm;the diameter of the fruiting body ranged from 2.15 to 2.75 mm;the biological efficiency of the fruiting body ranged from 40.57%to 51.03%;the adenosine content ranged from 1.76 to 1.89 mg·g^(-1);polysaccharide content ranged from 46.1 to 50.1 mg·g^(-1),and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)adenosine content ranged from 1.21 to 1.33 mg·g^(-1).theoretical basis for the protection of C.chanhua resources and the creation of varieties.

关 键 词：蝉花 孢子分离 组织分离 活性物质 聚类热图 归一化法 

分 类 号：S567.3[农业科学—中草药栽培]