不同清洗方式对梨中农药残留的去除效果  

Removal effect of pesticide residues in pears by different washing methods

作　　者：黄海韵 卢飞 仲建锋[2] 高美静 卢莉娜 沈燕[2] 张召贤 张志勇[2] 吴祥为[1] HUANG Haiyun;LU Fei;ZHONG Jianfeng;GAO Meijing;LU Lina;SHEN Yan;ZHANG Zhaoxian;ZHANG Zhiyong;WU Xiangwei(School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第4期706-712,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28)资助。

摘　　要：为有效去除梨在食用过程中的农药残留,探究了不同清洗方式对梨中7种常用农药的去除效果,从而确定日常生活中有效去除水果中农药残留的方法。采用自来水和浓度为2%、5%和10%的食盐、食醋、小苏打溶液分别浸泡10min,然后使用流动清水反复搓洗30s后,测定不同清洗方式下梨中7种常用农药的残留量。结果表明,以去除率作为衡量标准,清洗剂及其浓度对去除率产生不同程度的影响。其中,5%食醋溶液去除农药残留效果最佳,对梨中的氟硅唑、腈菌唑、戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑、噻虫胺、吡虫啉及阿维菌素的去除率分别是40.20%、55.96%、18.70%、17.92%、55.88%、53.55%和67.96%。研究结果对去除梨中农药残留和降低膳食摄入风险具有一定的指导意义。The study explored the removal effects of different cleaning methods on seven commonly used pesticides in pears to determine the effective removal methods of pesticide residues in fruits in daily life.In the experiment,tap water and aqueous solution containing 2%,5%and 10%of salt,vinegar and baking soda were used to soaked for 10 min,and then the samples were washed for 30 s again.Finally,the concentrations of seven pesticides in pears were determined.The results showed that the type of cleaning agent and concentration had different effects on the removal rate.Among them,5%vinegar aqueous solution had the best effect on removing pesticide residues,and the removal rates of flusilazole,myclobutanil,tebuconazole,difenoconazole,clothianidin,imidacloprid and abamectin in pears were 40.20%,55.96%,18.70%,17.92%,55.88%,53.55%and 67.96%,respectively.The results of this study provide a reference for removing pesticide residues in pears and reducing the risk of dietary intake.

关 键 词：梨 农药残留 分析方法 清洗方式 去除效果 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学] S661.2[农业科学—植物保护]