清中后期山西布商资金融通研究——以商业文书为中心  

Study on the Capital Accommodation of Shanxi Fabric Merchants in the Middle and Late Qing Dynasty——Centered on Commercial Documents

作　　者：晏雪莲[1,2] 周超宇 Yan Xuelian;Zhou Chaoyu

机构地区：[1]山西大学历史文化学院,太原030006 [2]山西省社会科学院,太原030006

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2024年第5期78-88,共11页Researches in Chinese Economic History

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“近代山西乡村账簿收集整理与研究”(批准号:22AZD122);中国博士后科学基金第72批面上资助项目“晚清山西布商商业运营中的金融问题研究——以商业文书为中心”(批准号:2022M722010)阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：原始商业文书为探析清中后期山西布商资金融通的需求来源、形式特点提供了必要基础。其商业运营过程中充满着不确定性,商业周期过长、对外提供信用及内部调拨不及时增加了山西布商运营资金不足的风险。为此,山西布商参与搭建并融入了依靠传统关系网络形成的融资体系。该体系由商号主导资金借贷,信用形式丰富;采用行商兼坐贾的经营方式,有利于通过兼营汇兑业实现更高效的资金调拨与融通。良好的融资体系不仅有利于山西布商降低交易成本、促进业务联系、维持商业运转,并且能够有效推动资金在市场上的流动,促进传统时期商品市场的繁荣。The original commercial documents provide the necessary basis for analyzing the sources and forms of funding for Shanxi fabric merchants in the mid and late Qing Dynasty.The actual process of commercial operations is characterized by uncertainty,including long business cycles,provision of credit to others,and delayed internal transfers that increase the risk of insufficient operating funds for Shanxi fabric merchants.In response,Shanxi fabric merchants actively participated in the construction and integration of a financing system based on traditional relationship networks.This system was primarily relied on capital loans from commercial firms and offers various forms of commercial credit.By adopting a business model that combines itinerant trade and sedentary merchant activities,the merchants were able to achieve more efficient capital allocation and financing,while simultaneously operating currency exchanges.A well-functioning financing system not only helps Shanxi fabric merchants reduce transaction costs and strengthen business connections but also facilitates the flow of funds in the market and contributes to the prosperity of the traditional commodity market.

关 键 词：清中后期 山西布商 商业信用 资金借贷 关系网络 

分 类 号：F832.9[经济管理—金融学] F729[历史地理—历史学] K249[历史地理—中国史]