所有权语境下的集体成员权  

The Collective Members' Rights in the Context of Ownership

作　　者：曹相见 CAO Xiangjian(Research Center for Jurisprudence,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学理论法学研究中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《法学论坛》2024年第5期51-64,共14页Legal Forum

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“农村集体经济组织特别法人运行的百村实证研究”(19CFX059)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：一般认为,集体成员权是成员独立于集体所有权的权利,相应地,法人所有权被理解为个人所有权的一种。但个人所有权通常是以归属为中心的绝对所有权,团体所有权则必然是以利用为中心的相对所有权,不能比照个人所有权获得解释,其作为绝对所有权的有益补充,存在归属与支配的相对分离。集体成员权作为团体的所有权安排,体现了集体成员的团体地位,但成员权从地位说到权利说的理论继受,与其固有属性渐行渐远。集体所有承载的社会保障、粮食安全功能决定了集体成员权的特殊性。集体成员权的行使效果存在“小集体、大成员”和“大集体、小成员”两种类型,前者作为基本类型,由成员享有支配所有权,赋予农民更多权利;后者为衍生类型,更具个人主义特征,但仍受基本类型的功能限制。集体成员权的实现存在平等悖论,农村承包经营户作为缓和机制,不是集体成员权的主体。The idea that collective member's rights are the rights of member from independent collective ownership was generally accepted,and the ownership of legal person was understood as a type of individual ownership accordingly.But the individual own-ership is usually the absolute ownership centered on attribution,while the group ownership must be the relative ownership cen-tered on utilization,which cannot be interpreted that individual ownership is a useful complement to absolute ownership.And there is a relative separation between the attribution and which cannot be interpreted as individual ownership.As a beneficial sup-plement to absolute ownership,relative ownership exists the relative separation of attribution and domination.Collective member*s rights,as the ownership arrangement of the group,embodies the group status of the collective members,but the succession of theory for member's rights from status to specific rights is gradually moving away from its intrinsic attribute.The function of social security and food security carried by collective ownership determines the particularity of collective member's rights.There are two types of collective membership,namely"small collective,large member"and"large collective and small member".The former is a basic type,enjoying dominating ownership by its members and giving farmers more rights,while the latter is a derivative type,is more individualistic,but stll constrained by the function of the basic type.There is an paradox of equality in the realiza-tion of collective member's rights,and the lease holding household as a mechanism to ease their tension,are not the subject of collective member's rights.

关 键 词：集体成员权 相对所有权 集体所有 团体地位 承包经营户 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]