基于PMC指数模型的医疗旅游政策评价与优化路径研究  

Study on the Evaluation and Optimization Path of Medical Tourism Policy Based on PMC Index Model

作　　者：国嘉琪 迟浩宇 李元亨 王亚州 王净植 石家俊 单凌寒[1] 焦明丽[1] Gu Jiaqi(School of Health Management,Harbin Medical University,Harbin,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2024年第9期1074-1080,共7页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于行为洞察及田野实验开发医院WPV应对策略的方法研究”(72174049);美国中华医学基金会项目“Assessing the state of vaccine confidence and vaccine communication training for community health professionals in Northern China”(19-309);黑龙江省教育科学“十四五”规划2023年度重点课题“基于UE原理的多维视角下线上教学效果评估体系构建研究”(GJB1423202)。

摘　　要：目的:医疗旅游是近十几年来发展最为迅猛的高消费性的新兴产业之一,但我国医疗旅游起步较晚、发展相对滞后。政策具有导向和控制作用。为此,对我国医疗旅游政策进行量化评价,辨别政策设计的优劣之处并提供优化路径,对加快我国健康产业发展、医疗服务质量提升并拉动内需具有重大意义。方法:运用ROSTCM6软件对22项政策进行文本挖掘,参考已有的政策评价指标建立医疗旅游政策评价体系,包括9个一级变量和46个二级变量,通过构建多投出产出表计算PMC指数得分并绘制PMC曲面图。结果:医疗旅游政策PMC指数平均值为6.21,评价等级为良好,对医疗旅游发展起到了相对积极的作用,但仍需要改进。结论:目前医疗旅游政策尚缺少顶层设计,专项政策较少;未充分发挥需求型政策工具的作用;缺少医疗机构和中介机构等政策客体;激励约束措施多样化尚待完善等问题。建议强化政策顶层设计,合理制定长期、中期及短期目标,优化政策工具使用结构,丰富激励约束方式,以健康中国为导向丰富政策内容和政策领域。Objective To quantitatively evaluate China's medical tourism policies,analyze the quality of policy design,and provide recommendations for optimization,which is of great significance for accelerating the development of Chinas health industry,improving the quality of healthcare services,and boosting domestic demand.Methods 22 policies were conducted text mining by using the ROSTCM6 software.The medical tourism policy evaluation system was established with reference to the existing policy evaluation indexes,which included 9 first-level variables and 46 second-level variables.The PMC index scores were calculated by constructing a multi-input-output table and PMC surface graph was drawn.Results The average score of the PMC index model of medical tourism policy is 6.21,which had good consistency.It had a relatively positive effect on the development of medical tourism,but it still needs to be improved.Conclusion Currently,there had many problems in medical tourism policy,such as lacks of top-level design,fewer specialized policies,insufficient utilization of demand-driven policy tools,insufficient policy objects as medical institutions and intermediaries,and imperfect diversified incentives and constraints.It is suggested to strengthen the top-level design of policies,reasonably set long-term,medium term,and short-term goals,optimize the structure of the use of policy tools,enrich the incentives and constraints,and enrich the policy content and policy areas in the direction of Healthy China.

关 键 词：医疗旅游 健康产业 生态经济 政策评价 PMC指数模型 

分 类 号：R-012[医药卫生]