旱地油莎草田除草剂筛选及安全性评价研究  

Study on screening and safety evaluation of herbicides for Cyperus esculentus var.sativus fields in dryland

作　　者：李颖[1,2] 魏忠平 李慧[4] 李婷婷[5] 冯良山[1] 罗庆[2] 杨宁 LI Ying;WEI Zhongping;LI Hui;LI Tingting;FENG Liangshan;LUO Qing;YANG Ning(Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-restoration of the Environmental Pollution in the Universities of Ministry of Education/School of Environment,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China;Liaoning Academy of Forestry,Shenyang 110032,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110023,China;College of Plant Protection,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室/沈阳大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110044 [3]辽宁省林业科学研究院,辽宁沈阳110032 [4]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [5]沈阳化工研究院有限公司,辽宁沈阳110023 [6]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《辽宁林业科技》2024年第4期18-21,65,共5页Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2023YFD1500904-04);国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2019YFCO507601-03);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH2/101300159);辽宁省自然科学基金计划项目(2022-MS-055);沈阳市科技计划项目(21-109-3-09,22-317-2-04,23-409-2-06)。

摘　　要：为筛选和评价适宜旱地油莎草田的专用除草剂,以油莎草新品种‘辽油莎1号’为试材,分析评价不同类型除草剂对旱地油莎草田杂草防效及产量的影响。结果表明:播后苗前施用除草剂常规剂量(从低剂量至高剂量),防除效果依次为48%仲丁灵乳油>480 g·L^(-1)氟乐灵乳油>87.5%2,4-滴异辛酯乳油。苗后除草剂常规剂量(从中剂量至高剂量),8.8%精喹禾灵乳油与10%乙羧氟草醚乳油对阔叶草30 d的防效均在90%以上,两者对禾本科杂草的防治效果差异显著(P<0.05)。480 g·L^(-1)氟乐灵乳油、48%仲丁灵乳油倍剂量处理易造成油莎草地上部产量损失。以上结果可为旱地油莎草田除草剂安全使用提供理论依据和实践指导。In order to screen and evaluate special herbicides suitable for dryland Cyperus esculentus var.sativus fields,the new variety of Cyperus esculentus var.sativus,Liaoyousha No.1,was used as the test material to analyze and evaluate the effects of different types of herbicides on weed control and yield in dryland Cyperus esculentus var.sativus fields.The results showed that the conventional dose of herbicides(from low to high)applied before seedling emergence had the following descending order of weed control effects:48%butralin emulsifiable concentrate>480 g·L^(-1) trifluralin emulsifiable concentrate>87.5%2,4-D isooctyl ester emulsifiable concentrate.Under the conventional dose of herbicides(from medium to high)applied after seedling emergence,both 8.8%quizalofop-p-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate and 10%fluoroglycofen-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate had weed control effects of over 90%on broadleaf weeds in 30 days,and there was a significant difference in the control effect of the two herbicides on gramineae weeds(P<0.05).Double dose treatment of 480 g·L^(-1) trifluralin emulsifiable concentrate and 48%butralin emulsifiable concentrate easily caused yield loss of the upper part of Cyperus esculentus var.sativus.The above results can provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the safe use of herbicides in dryland Cyperus esculentus var.sativus fields.

关 键 词：油莎草 除草剂 防治效果 产量 

分 类 号：S765.1[农业科学—森林保护学]