太赫兹技术在复合材料缺陷检测中的研究进展  

Research Progress of Terahertz Technology in Defect Detection of Composite Materials

作　　者：蒋玉英 温茜茜[1,2,3] 葛宏义 陈浩 江梦蝶[1,2,3] 赵洋 王佳慧 JIANG Yu-ying;WEN Xi-xi;GE Hong-yi;CHEN Hao;JIANG Meng-die;ZHAO Yang;WANG Jia-hui(Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control,Henan University of Technology,Ministry of Education,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Information Science and Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮食信息处理与控制教育部重点实验室,河南郑州450001 [2]河南工业大学河南省粮食光电探测与控制重点实验室,河南郑州450001 [3]河南工业大学信息科学与工程学院,河南郑州450001 [4]河南工业大学人工智能与大数据学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2024年第10期2717-2726,共10页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61975053,62271191);河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划项目(22HASTIT017,23HASTIT024);河南省联合基金项目(222103810072)资助。

摘　　要：复合材料制品因具有高强度、低重量、耐腐蚀性等优点,在航空航天、建筑、海洋等多个行业中广泛应用。然而在复合材料的生产或使用过程中,不可避免地会损伤和破坏材料,降低材料性能,带来无法预料的安全隐患。因此,如何对材料内部的损伤类型和程度进行无损检测成为近年来的热点研究课题。常用无损检测技术在复合材料缺陷检测方面有一定的局限性,而太赫兹(Terahertz,THz)技术以其光子能量低、穿透性强的特点,能够实现高分辨率的无损探伤,不会对被测材料造成电离破坏,被广泛应用于复合材料的缺陷检测。THz技术的优势在于其对材料的化学成分和晶体结构的敏感性,通过分析THz波的频谱和相位信息,可获取有关材料内部的细节信息,如缺陷类型、大小和分布等,这对于复合材料的质量控制和性能评估非常重要。文章首先概述了复合材料、常用无损检测技术和THz技术的基本原理;其次对复合材料制造或使用中产生的分层、夹杂、孔隙、冲击损伤、热损伤等缺陷进行分类,并重点阐述了THz技术在不同类型缺陷检测中的应用;然后总结了THz技术在复合材料缺陷检测中面临的挑战,包括THz成像分辨率受限,难以提供足够的细节信息、复合材料结构的非均匀性,导致THz波在复合材料内部的传播复杂多样、现有缺陷识别技术和设备,限制了THz在复合材料缺陷检测中的应用;最后对未来发展方向进行了展望,其中包括改进成像系统,提高THz成像分辨率的同时减少检测时间、结合人工智能和深度学习技术,完善不同类型缺陷的快速精准识别、提高数据处理的实时性,实现复合材料的在线检测,并优化复合材料缺陷检测平台。这些发展方向将进一步推动THz技术在复合材料领域的应用,提高检测效率和准确性,促进复合材料制造和应用的发展。Composite materials,due to their advantages such as high strength,low weight,and corrosion resistance,are widely used in various industries,including aerospace,construction,and marine.However,during the production or use of composite materials,it is inevitable that they may suffer damage and degradation,leading to a decrease in material performance and potential safety hazards.Therefore,researching non-destructive testing(NDT)methods to detect the types and extents of damage inside the materials has become a hot topic in recent years.The advantage of Terahertz(THz)technology lies in its sensitivity to the chemical composition and crystal structure of materials.Detailed information about the internal conditions of materials,such as defect types,sizes,and distributions,can be obtained by analyzing the frequency spectrum and phase information of THz waves.This is crucial for quality control and performance assessment of composite materials.First,this paper outlines the basic principles of composite materials,which commonly use NDT and THz techniques.Secondly,it categorizes the defects such as delamination,inclusions,porosity,impact damage,thermal damage,etc.,which occur during the manufacturing or use of composite materials and focuses on applying THz technology in detecting different defect types.Then the challenges faced by THz technology in composite defect detection are summarized,including the limited resolution of THz imaging,which makes it difficult to provide sufficient detailed information,the non-uniformity of composite structure that leads to the complexity and variety of THz wave propagation inside the composite material,and the existing defect identification techniques and equipment,which limit the application of THz in composite defect detection;Finally,an outlook on the future development direction is given,which includes improving the imaging system to increase the THz imaging resolution while reducing the detection time,combining artificial intelligence and deep learning techniques to improve the fa

关 键 词：太赫兹 复合材料 缺陷识别 无损检测 太赫兹成像 

分 类 号：O433.4[机械工程—光学工程]