政府数据开放中个人信息保护的不足与法律优化策略研究  

Deficiencies and Legal Optimization of Personal Information Protection in Government Data Opening

作　　者：林婧[1] 林嘉宾 LIN Jing;LIN Jiabin(Law School,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学法学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期19-27,共9页Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(17CFX047)。

摘　　要：政府数据开放各个阶段中的个人信息保护存在着包括未向个人履行告知义务、个人信息超期存储以及匿名化信息仍有被再识别的可能等不足,其原因在于知情同意原则难以适应政府数据开放场景、责任追究制度落实不到位和匿名化技术无法平衡数据的安全性与可用性等。对此除了依据民法、行政法加以干预外,由于个人信息公益属性与社会法的宗旨相契合,还可以引入倾斜保护、集体保护等社会法理念加以调和。具体可通过增设知情同意原则的例外情形、禁止个人信息处理者从事再识别活动、引入行政公益诉讼程序,以实现对个人信息权益的倾斜保护与集体保护,在实现利益平衡的基础上推动数据开放,促进数字经济发展。The protection of personal information at all stages of government data opening has some deficiencies,including the failure to fulfill the obligation to inform individuals,the overdue storage of personal information,and the possibility of re-identification of anonymized information.This is due to the fact that the principle of informed consent is difficult to adapt to the scenarios of government data opening,the accountability system is not in place,and the anonymization technology is unable to balance the security and usability of data.In this regard,in addition to the civil law and administrative law to intervene,due to the consistency between the public interest attributes of personal information and the purpose of social law,the tilt protection,collective protection and other social law concepts can be introduced to reconcile.Specifically,measures such as adding exceptions to the principle of informed consent,prohibiting personal information processors from engaging in re-identification activities,and introducing administrative public interest litigation procedures can be taken to realize the tilt protection of personal information rights and interests,as well as collective protection,and to promote the data opening to facilitate the development of the digital economy,on the basis of a balance of interests.

关 键 词：政府数据开放 个人信息保护 不平等关系 倾斜保护 集体保护 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]