基于响应面法的采空区充填材料配比优化研究  

Optimization of Filling Material Ratio in Goaf Based on Response Surface Method

作　　者：张嘉勇 邱艳兵[1] 崔啸 郭立稳 郑庆学 武建国[3] 关联合[3] ZHANG Jiayong;QIU Yanbing;CUI Xiao;GUO Liwen;ZHENG Qingxue;WU Jianguo;GUAN Lianhe(School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China;Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Safety Technology,Tangshan 063210,China;Kailuan(Group)Limited Liability Company,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学应急管理与安全工程学院,河北唐山063210 [2]河北省矿业开发与安全技术重点实验室,河北唐山063210 [3]开滦(集团)有限责任公司,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第9期26-33,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52174182);河北省属高校基本科研业务费项目(编号:JQN2023019)。

摘　　要：为解决采空区垮落和瓦斯扩散问题,分别选用矿渣、粉煤灰和水泥作为充填材料的骨料、细料和胶结剂,采用响应面法(Response Surface Method,RSM)设计配比试验,以质量浓度、材料比例和矿渣粒径作为单因素影响因子,材料流动性、抗压强度和渗透率为响应目标值,分析料浆质量浓度、材料比例和矿渣粒径对充填材料流动性、抗压强度和渗透性能的影响规律,并建立非线性回归方程,优化多目标条件下的充填材料配比。研究结果表明:①粉煤灰的火山灰效应会影响充填材料的水化反应进程,随着粉煤灰比例增大,各龄期的抗压强度先增大后减小,各龄期的渗透率增大;②矿渣表面粗糙,密度变化较大,在养护后期,随着矿渣粒径增大,材料抗压强度先增大后减小,材料渗透率减小;③充填材料的最佳材料配比为水泥∶粉煤灰∶矿渣=1∶3∶5,其中料浆质量浓度为80%,矿渣粒径为5~10 mm;④该配比条件下的充填材料浆体流动度为20.5 cm,14 d渗透率为0.021×10^(-14)m^(2),14 d抗压强度为22.2 MPa。研究成果为采空区减沉与瓦斯封存协同治理提供了基础参数和理论依据。In order to solve the problems of caving and gas diffusion in goaf,slag,fly ash and cement were selected as the aggregate,fine material and cementing agent of filling materials respectively.Response Surface Method(RSM)was adopted to design the matching test,and mass concentration,material proportion and slag particle size were taken as the single influencing factors.Material fluidity,compressive strength and permeability are the response target values.The effects of slurry mass concentration,material proportion and slag particle size on the fluidity,compressive strength and permeability of filling materials are analyzed,and a nonlinear regression equation is established to optimize the ratio of filling materials under multi-objective conditions.The study results indicate that:①The volcanic ash effect of fly ash can affect the hydration process of filling materials.As the proportion of fly ash increases,the compressive strength of each age group first increases and then decreases,and the permeability of each age group increases.②The surface of slag is rough and the density changes greatly.In the later stage of maintenance,as the particle size of slag increases,the compressive strength of the material first increases and then decreases,and the permeability of the material decreases.③The optimal material ratio for filling materials is cement∶fly ash∶slag=1∶3∶5,with a slurry mass concentration of 80%and a slag particle size of 5~10 mm.④The flowability of the filling material under this ratio is 20.5 cm,and the permeability after 14 days is 0.021×10^(-14) m^(2),with a compressive strength of 22.2 MPa after 14 days.The study results provide basic parameters and theoretical basis for the collaborative management of subsidence reduction and gas storage in goaf.

关 键 词：充填材料 采空区减沉 瓦斯封存 力学性能 渗透特性 响应面法 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]