双碳背景下燃煤电站掺氨燃烧研究进展与展望  

Research Progress and Prospect of Ammonia-doped Combustion in Coal-fired Power Plants Under the Background of Dual Carbon

作　　者：刘小伟[1] 雷乐 周子健 徐义书[1] 胡勇 徐明厚[1] LIU Xiaowei;LEI Le;ZHOU Zijian;XU Yishu;HU Yong;XU Minghou(State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology),Wuhan 430074,Hubei Province,China;Hubei Specialized Equipment Inspection Detection Research Institute Huanggang Branch,Huanggang 438021,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室(华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院),湖北省武汉市430074 [2]湖北特种设备检验检测研究院黄冈分院,湖北省黄冈市438021

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第18期7221-7234,I0011,共15页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB4005702)。

摘　　要：在“双碳”背景下,选择低碳燃料氨对燃煤电站的改造显得尤为重要。该文首先介绍氨的基本物性及其掺烧的优势,随后针对氨煤掺烧技术的新应用,按照燃煤设备的输出功率分类,从微/小型掺氨燃烧器、千瓦级燃煤掺氨燃烧系统、兆瓦级燃煤掺氨燃烧系统,大型燃煤电站掺氨燃烧系统,介绍当前的研究进展。最后,对燃煤电站掺氨燃烧的前景进行分析与展望。燃煤电站掺氨燃烧可大幅降低碳排放,但可能带来NO_x排放问题,通过空气分级、氨预分解、调节氨掺入位置和比例等手段,可以有效控制NO_x排放;目前,仍需解决煤/氨气固两相燃料反应性差异大、NO_(x)浓度高、缺乏大容量高比例燃烧器技术,以及突破“大型给氨+清洁燃氨+灵活运行”的关键技术。In the context of carbon neutrality,selecting low-carbon fuel ammonia for the retrofitting of coal-fired power plants is particularly important.This paper first introduces the basic physical properties of ammonia and the advantages of ammonia co-firing.It then focuses on new applications of ammonia-coal co-firing technology,classifying it according to the output power of coal-fired equipment.This includes small-scale ammonia co-firing burners,kilowatt-level coal-fired ammonia co-firing systems,megawatt-level systems,and large-scale coal-fired power plant ammonia co-firing systems,detailing the current research progress.Finally,the paper analyzes and forecasts the prospects of ammonia co-firing in coal-fired power plants.Ammonia co-firing in coal-fired power plants can significantly reduce carbon emissions,although it may lead to NO_(x) emission issues.NO_(x) emissions can be effectively controlled through staged air supply,ammonia pre-decomposition,and adjusting the ammonia injection position and ratio.Finally,challenges remain in addressing the significant differences in the reactivity of coal and ammonia gas-solid fuels,high NO_(x) concentrations,lack of large-capacity high-ratio co-firing burner technology,and achieving breakthrough in key technologies related to“large-scale ammonia supply,clean ammonia combustion,and flexible operation.”

关 键 词：掺氨燃烧 燃煤电站 碳减排 

分 类 号：TK01[动力工程及工程热物理]