葛兰言对中国古代婚姻与亲属关系的社会学重释  

Marcel Granet's Sociological Reinterpretation of Ancient Chinese Marriage and Kinship

作　　者：张雨欣 ZHANG Yuxin

机构地区：[1]法国东方语言文明学院东亚研究所

出　　处：《社会学评论》2024年第5期88-115,共28页Sociological Review of China

摘　　要：现有对葛兰言亲属制度理论的研究试图将葛兰言放在以列维-斯特劳斯为轴的谱系之中,着力强调葛兰言对亲属制度普遍理论的贡献。然而,对葛兰言的解读并非只有结构主义这一个角度,其对亲属制度的贡献还有其他源流、线索与对话者。首先,葛兰言继承并超越了涂尔干所确立的研究传统,继续探究外婚制的起源问题,以及婚级组织的转换问题;其次,对葛兰言亲属制度研究的探讨不该脱离其整体的理论视野与研究目标,即探寻以互惠为原则的亲属组织向以声望为原则的封建组织的转变过程;最后也最重要的是,从其社会学视野出发,葛兰言的亲属制度理论基于其对《仪礼》这一文本的重新理解与阐释,这种理解是对“正统”儒家理论中父子关系地位的解构,也伴随着对古代中国亲属关系演进的理论重构。Current research on Granet's kinship theory often attempts to place him within the lineage centered on Lévi-Strauss,emphasizing his contributions to the universal theory of kinship systems.However,Granet's work is not confined to a'structuralist interpretation alone.His contributions to kinship theory originate from diverse sources,traditions,and dialogues.Firstly,Granet inherits and surpasses the research tradition established by Durkheim.He continues to investigate the origins of exogamy and the transition of organizations.Secondly,Granet's examination of kinship should not be divorced from his overarching theoretical framework and research objectives,which involve exploring the transition from kinship organizations based on reciprocity to those based on prestige in feudal societies.Lastly,from a sociological perspective,Granet's study of kinship is grounded in his reinterpretation and explication of the Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial.This interpretation chal-lenges orthodox Confucian theories,particularly regarding father and son relations,and entails a theoretical reconstruction of ancient Chinese kinship relations.

关 键 词：葛兰言 亲属关系 交叉婚 《仪礼》 父权 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理] C913.1[社会学]