宋·天灾地祸不单行——漫步地震五千年(11)  

Song:Multiplicity of natural disasters

作　　者：冯锐[1] Feng Rui(China Earthquake Networks Center,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震台网中心,北京100045

出　　处：《地震科学进展》2024年第9期604-619,共16页Progress in Earthquake Sciences

摘　　要：宋代遭遇了远古以来最严重的自然灾害链-第3次气候寒冷期、940年长白山火山的千年大喷发、1038年以后的一系列地震和地震水患,严重地冲击了社会。本文介绍了地震的3种基本类型-构造地震、火山地震和陷落地震。重点讨论了中国的火山分布、火山地震的类型和近代火山喷发的实例,火山与浅源地震、火山与深源地震的关系。我国的深源地震主要位于吉林省珲春地区,与日本海沟的板片俯冲有直接关系。最后,简介了火山爆发的力学机制。The Song Dynasty suffered the worst chain of disasters since ancient times:the third climate cold period,the millennium eruption of the Changbai volcano in 940,and the series of earthquakes and seismic floods after 1038.These disasters have severely impacted societies.This article describes the three basic types of earthquakes that are tectonic,volcanic and collapsed earthquakes.Focusing on the distribution of volcanoes in China,types of volcanic earthquakes and examples of recent volcanic eruptions,the relationship between volcanoes and shallow-and deep-source earthquakes is analyzed.The deep-source earthquakes in China's Mainland,mainly located in the Hunchun area,are directly related to the subduction of plates purchased from the Sea of Japan.Finally,the mechanics of volcanic eruptions are described.

关 键 词：自然灾害链 第3次气候寒冷期 火山千年大喷发 火山地震和陷落地震 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]