盐胁迫条件下不同施氮水平对玉米苗期生理特性的影响  

Effects of Different Levels of Nitrogen Application on the Physiological Characteristics of Maize Seedlings under Salt Stress

作　　者：张翠玉 徐晓丽 周长明 张超 ZHANG Cui-yu;XU Xiao-li;ZHOU Chang-ming;ZHANG Chao(Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Binzhou City,Shandong Province,Binzhou 256601;State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018;Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource Environment,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省滨州市农业农村局,山东滨州256601 [2]山东农业大学/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《玉米科学》2024年第7期46-54,共9页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001589)。

摘　　要：以“宏兴990”玉米品种为材料,研究在盐胁迫下不同施氮水平对玉米苗期玉米的生长情况、生物量、离子稳态、抗氧化酶活性、总黄酮等生理特性的影响。结果表明,正常施氮(T3)处理能显著促进盐胁迫下玉米幼苗的生长和生物量的积累。高氮(T4、T5)和低氮(T1、T2)处理能显著提高盐胁迫下玉米叶片中SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)、POD(过氧化物酶)和CAT(过氧化氢酶)的活性,高氮和低氮处理显著降低MDA(丙二醛)含量。盐胁迫下,高氮和低氮均能增加脯氨酸和总黄酮的积累,减少氨基酸和叶绿素的合成。此外,Na^(+)、Cl^(-)和K^(+)的含量随着施氮浓度的增加呈先上升后下降趋势,而NO_(3)^(-)呈先下降后上升的相反趋势。抗氧化酶活性(SOD、CAT、POD)与多项生理指标(脯氨酸、总黄酮、氨基酸、叶绿素、NO_(3)^(-)、Cl^(-)、K^(+))间存在显著相关性,SOD和脯氨酸呈显著正相关。研究为今后在盐胁迫下通过施氮提高苗期玉米的耐盐性提供理论基础。The effects of different levels of nitrogen application on the growth,biomass,ionic homeostasis,anti⁃oxidant enzyme activities,total flavonoids and other physiological characteristics of maize seedlings under salt stress were investigated using the maize variety"Hongxing 990"as the material.The results showed that normal nitrogen application(T3)significantly promoted the growth and biomass accumulation of maize seedlings under salt stress.High nitrogen(T4,T5)and low nitrogen(T1,T2)treatments significantly increased the activities of SOD(Superoxide Dismutase),POD(Peroxidase)and CAT(Catalase)in maize leaves under salt stress,but high and low nitrogen treat⁃ments significantly reduced the content of MDA(Malondialdehyde).Under salt stress,both high and low nitrogen in⁃creased proline and total flavonoid synthesis,but decreased amino acid and chlorophyll contents.In addition,the contents of Na^(+),Cl^(-) and K^(+) showed a tendency to increase and then decrease with increasing concentrations of ap⁃plied nitrogen,whereas NO_(3)^(-)showed the opposite tendency of decreasing and then increasing.Significant correla⁃tions were found between antioxidant enzyme activities(SOD,CAT,POD)and several physiological indices(proline,total flavonoids,amino acids,chlorophyll,NO_(3)^(-),Cl^(-),and K^(+)),such as a significant positive correlation between SOD and proline.Overall,the results of this study provide a theoretical basis for future improvement of salt tolerance in seedling maize by nitrogen application under salt stress.

关 键 词：玉米 施氮量 离子稳态 抗氧化酶 生理特性 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]