评价构式“(你/您)看/瞧人家NP”的演变及其功能浮现  

The Evolution and Function Emergence of the Evaluation Construction"(Ni/Nin)kan/qiao ren jia+Np"

作　　者：陈昌来[1] 宁柏慧 Chen Changlai;Ning Baihui

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,上海200234

出　　处：《当代修辞学》2024年第5期49-59,共11页Contemporary Rhetoric

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国语言学史(分类多卷本)”(项目编号:16ZDA206)的资助。

摘　　要：“(你/您)看/瞧人家NP”形式上来源于清末民初含“看”类话语提示成分的定语领属式和同位同指式的“人家+NP”,由源构式重组而成,形式异变、频率效应、类推机制促动其形成。意义上经历了“领属限定”>“主观评价”的动态范畴化和主观化过程,体现了“领属”范畴>“立场”范畴的这一重要语义演变路径,隐喻机制在其中发挥作用。从共时角度看,语境、构件因素、语用移情策略等影响构式立场表达功能的浮现;构式重音策略影响构式强调突显功能的浮现;语言经济原则、礼貌原则等影响构式语用修辞功能的浮现。The form of"(ni/nin)kan/qiao ren jia+Np"is derived from the attributive possessive and appositive construction"ren jia+Np"with discourse markers related to"kan"in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.It is reorganized from the source construction,and its formation is promoted by the mechanism of form variation,frequency effect and analogy.In terms of meaning,it has undergone the dynamic categorization and subjectivization process of"possessive limitation>subjective evaluation",reflecting the important semantic evolution path of"possession"category>"stance"category,in which metaphor mechanism plays a role.From the synchronic perspective,context,component factors,and pragmatic empathy strategies affect the emergence of the stance expression function,constructionl stress strategies affect the emergence of the salience function of construction stress,the principles of language economy and politeness affect the emergence of the pragmatic rhetorical functions of construction.

关 键 词：评价构式 类型 演变 功能浮现 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]