浙江近海大型底栖贝类群落结构及其分布特征  

Community structure and distribution characteristics of shellfish in the coastal waters of Zhejiang

作　　者：李庆英 陈峰 张洪亮[1,2,4,5] 钱卫国 蒋日进[1,2,4,5] LI Qingying;CHEN Feng;ZHANG Hongliang;QIAN Weiguo;JIANG Rijin(Marine and Fishery Institute,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Zhoushan 316022,Zhejiang,China;School of Fishery,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,Zhejiang,China;Key Research Station for Fisheries Resources of Main Fishing Ground,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhoushan 316022,Zhejiang,China;Key Research Station of Sustainable Utilization for Marine Fisheries Resources,Zhoushan 316022,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所,浙江舟山316022 [2]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江舟山316022 [3]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [4]农业农村部重点渔场渔业资源科学观测实验站,浙江舟山316022 [5]浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2024年第5期1223-1237,共15页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：浙江渔场渔业资源动态监测调查专项(HYS-CZ-202314)。

摘　　要：为了解浙江近海大型底栖贝类群落结构及分布特征,2020年8月—2021年4月,开展了4个季度底拖网渔业资源定点调查,以29°N为界,将调查海域分为浙北与浙南海域两个区域。调查共采集鉴定贝类41种,隶属6目25科25属,四季绝对优势种均为习见蛙螺和棒锥螺。不同季节中,浙江近海南北区域贝类种类及生物量分布差异明显。春、秋季贝类生物量高于夏、冬季,除夏季外,其他季节贝类生物量均呈现由北部向南部递减的分布特征,夏季南北海域平均生物量差异较小。春季丰富度指数(D)与多样性指数(H′)最高,夏季最低;而均匀度指数(J′)冬季最高,春季最低。等级聚类分析(Cluster)表明,在60%的水平上,将浙江近海贝类群落分为3个类群,类群Ⅰ为春、夏、秋季的南部海域,类群Ⅱ为春、夏、秋季的北部海域,类群Ⅲ为冬季南、北海域,春、夏、秋季南北海域贝类群落存在差异。非度量多维尺度分析(Stress)值为0.08具有解释意义。CCA环境因子分析表明,不同季节深度和底温的变化对底栖贝类生物具有显著影响。本研究可为浙江近海贝类生物多样性保护和资源可持续利用提供一定的参考。In order to understand the community structure and distribution characteristics of macrobenthic shellfish in the coastal waters of Zhejiang,the fixed-point bottom trawl fishery resources survey was conducted from August 2020 to April 2021.The surveyed sea was divided into two areas,the northern and the southern part in Zhejiang,with 29°N as the boundary.A total of 41 species of shellfish belonging to 25 genera,25 families and 6 orders were collected and identified.The absolute dominant species in all seasons were Bursa rana and Turritella terebra bacillum.There were obvious regional differences in number of species and shellfish biomass distribution in the north and the south areas during different seasons.The shellfish biomass for spring and autumn was higher than that for summer and winter,and it decreased from the north to south area in other seasons except summer.In summer,differences in the average biomass of shellfish were not found in the north region and the south areas.In terms of diversity analysis,The richness index(D)and the diversity index(H')were the highest in spring and the lowest in summer,and the evenness index(J')was the highest in winter and the lowest in spring.Hierarchical Cluster analysis(Cluster)results showed that the shellfish communities were divided into 3 groups at 60% similarity level in Zhejiang coastal waters.GroupⅠwas in the southern area in spring,summer and autumn,Group Ⅱ was in the northern area in spring,summer and autumn,and Group Ⅲ was the whole area in the winter,and there were differences in the north and the south areas in spring,summer and autumn.The stress value of non-metric multidimensional analysis was 0.08,which had explanatory significance.CCA analysis showed that depth and bottom sea temperature had significant effects on benthic shellfish distribution.This study can provide some reference for shellfish biodiversity conservation and sustainable use for shellfish resources in the coastal waters of Zhejiang.

关 键 词：底栖贝类 群落结构 时空分布 浙江近海 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]