聚合物微细纤维的成型及其抗菌功能改性进展  

Progress in forming of polymer microfibers and its antibacterial functional modification

作　　者：赵增辉[1] 李志 俞森龙 周家良[2] 胡泽旭[2] 相恒学[2] 朱美芳[2] ZHAO Zenghui;LI Zhi;YU Senlong;ZHOU Jialiang;HU Zexu;XIANG Hengxue;ZHU Meifang(Daqing Chemical Research Center of China National Petroleum Corporation,Daqing 163714,Heilongjiang,China;State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司大庆化工研究中心,黑龙江大庆163714 [2]东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,材料科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《上海纺织科技》2024年第9期1-6,24,共7页Shanghai Textile Science & Technology

基　　金：上海市优秀技术带头人计划项目(20XD1433700);中国石油天然气股份有限公司资金项目(DQZX-KY-22-007)。

摘　　要：聚合物微细纤维具有比表面积大、孔隙率高的特点,在防护服、口罩等医卫防护领域具有广泛应用。然而,沾染致病菌、病毒后,微细纤维也可成为传播微生物的媒介,导致“二次感染”。介绍了纤维的静电纺、闪蒸纺等成型进展,分析了不同方法制备纤维的结构特征;其次,从纤维负载天然、有机、无机和金属基抗菌材料3个方面,分析了抗菌材料赋予纤维的抗菌特性及其机制;最后,对聚合物微细纤维的发展趋势进行了展望。Polymer microfibers have the characteristics of high specific surface area and high porosity, and have a widely application markets in medical and health protection fields such as protective clothing and masks. However, after being contaminated with pathogenic bacteria and viruses, microfibers can also become a medium for spreading microorganisms, resulting in “secondary infection”. The progress of fiber electrospinning and flash spinning is introduced, and the structural characteristics of fibers prepared by different methods are analyzed;From three aspects of fiber loading natural, organic, inorganic and metal-based antibacterial materials, the antibacterial properties they endowed to fibers and their mechanism of action are analyzed. Finally, the future development of polymer microfibers is prospected.

关 键 词：聚合物 微细纤维 抗菌功能 主动防护 医卫纺织材料 

分 类 号：TQ34[化学工程—化纤工业] TS101.921[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]