Hybrid hard carbon framework derived from polystyrene bearing distinct molecular crosslinking for enhanced sodium storage  

作　　者：Yuqian Qiu Guangshen Jiang Yanxia Su Xinren Zhang Yuxuan Du Xiaosa Xu Qian Ye Jinbo Zhang Miaohan Ban Fei Xu Hongqiang Wang 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Center for Nano Energy Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU),Xi'an,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,China [3]Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Xi'an,Clean Energy(Chemical)Research Institute,Xi'an,China

出　　处：《Carbon Energy》2024年第7期178-190,共13页碳能源（英文）

基　　金：financially supported by the project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51972270,52322203);the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (Grant NO.2024GH-ZDXM-21);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos.G2022KY0607,23GH0202277).

摘　　要：Exploiting high-performance yet low-cost hard carbon anodes is crucial to advancing the state-of-the-art sodium-ion batteries.However,the achievement of superior initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE)and high Na-storage capacity via low-temperature carbonization remains challenging due to the presence of tremendous defects with few closed pores.Here,a facile hybrid carbon framework design is proposed from the polystyrene precursor bearing distinct molecular bridges at a low pyrolysis temperature of 800℃ via in situ fusion and embedding strategy.This is realized by integrating triazine-and carbonylcrosslinked polystyrene nanospheres during carbonization.The triazine crosslinking allows in situ fusion of spheres into layered carbon with low defects and abundant closed pores,which serves as a matrix for embedding the well-retained carbon spheres with nanopores/defects derived from carbonyl crosslinking.Therefore,the hybrid hard carbon with intimate interface showcases synergistic Na ions storage behavior,showing an ICE of 70.2%,a high capacity of 279.3 mAh g^(-1),and long-term 500 cycles,superior to carbons from the respective precursor and other reported carbons fabricated under the low carbonization temperature.The present protocol opens new avenues toward low-cost hard carbon anode materials for high-performance sodiumion batteries.

关 键 词：closed pores hybrid hard carbons hypercrosslinking polystyrenes low-temperature carbonization sodium storage 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]