外源NAA和磷肥互作对胡麻生长发育及产量的调控效应  

Regulatory Effect of Exogenous NAA and Phosphate Fertilizer Interaction on Flax Growth and Yield

作　　者：文泽东 高玉红 阮文浩[2] 崔政军 王一帆[2] 剡斌[2] WEN Zedong;GAO Yuhong;RUAN Wenhao;CUI Zhengjun;WANG Yifan;YAN Bin(Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2024年第9期1648-1658,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省教育科技创新产业支撑计划(2021CYZC-38);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-14-1-16);中央引导地方科技发展专项基金(ZCYD-2021-12);甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学重点实验室主任基金(GSCS-2020-Z6);国家自然科学基金(31760363);甘肃农业大学伏羲杰出人才项目(Gaufx-02J05)。

摘　　要：为探明磷素养分和外源萘乙酸(NAA)对旱地胡麻生长发育及产量形成的调控效应,采用田间二因素裂区试验设计,研究不同磷素水平(P0-不施磷、P1-67.5 kg/hm^(2)、P2-135 kg/hm^(2))下于现蕾期和盛花期喷施不同浓度NAA(N0-不喷激素、N1-20 mg/L、N2-40 mg/L)对胡麻生长发育、干物质积累量、籽粒灌浆速率及产量的影响。结果表明,在P1水平下,胡麻茎粗和干物质积累量均在喷施高浓度NAA时达最大。盛花期、青果期和成熟期胡麻茎粗,在P1N2处理下达最大,较P0N0处理高出5.58%、8.65%和8.27%;P1水平下,青果期和成熟期胡麻干物质积累量均随NAA浓度的增加而增加,N1和N2分别较N0高出18.19%和20.70%、9.92%和11.45%;花后20 d,胡麻籽粒灌浆速率在P1水平下随NAA浓度的增加而增加且达到峰值,N1和N2分别较N0显著高出27.45%和31.76%,籽粒灌浆最大速率V_(max)表现为P1N2较其他处理显著高出1.06%~12.16%;N2浓度下,分茎数、每果粒数、产量在P1水平较其他处理分别高出30.76%~70.00%、2.52%~3.30%、5.28%~6.87%,且P1N2处理下产量最高。综上表明,施磷67.5 kg/hm^(2)配合喷施40 mg/L萘乙酸可提高胡麻株高、茎粗、干物质积累量,最大灌浆速率以及有效提前胡麻籽粒灌浆最大速率出现时间,从而提高胡麻籽粒产量,可作为旱作农业区适宜的胡麻高产栽培技术措施。To investigate the regulatory effects of phosphorus nutrients and exogenous naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA)on the flax growth,development and yield formation in dryland conditions,we explored the effects of spraying different concentrations of NAA(N0:hormone,N1:20 mg/L,N2:40 mg/L)at different phosphorus levels(P0:no phosphorus application,P1:67.5 kg P_(2)O_(5)/hm^(2),P2:135 kg P_(2)O_(5)/hm^(2))during the budding and anthesis stages on flax growth and development,dry matter accumulation,grain filling rate,and yield.The results showed that at the P1 level,the stem diameter and dry matter accumulation of flax reached their maximum when spraying high concentrations of NAA.The stem diameter of flax during its anthesis,kernel and maturity stages was the largest under P1N2 treatment,which was 5.58%,8.65%,and 8.27% higher than that under P0N0 treatment,respectively;Specifically,N1 and N2 treatments resulted in dry matter accumulations that were 18.19% and 20.70% higher(respectively)during the kernel stage and 9.92% and 11.45% higher(respectively)during the maturity stage compared to the N0 treatment.At 20 days after flowering,the filling rate of seeds increased at the P1 level and reached a peak with the increase of NAA concentration.Specifically,N1 and N2 treatments were significantly higher than N0 by 27.45% and 31.76%,respectively.The maximum grain filling rate(Vmax)indicated that P1N2 was significantly higher by 1.06% to 12.16% compared to other treatments;Under N2 concentration,the number of stems,grains per fruit,and yield were 30.76%-70.00%,2.52%-3.30%,and 5.28%-6.87% higher than other treatments at the P1 level respectively,and the yield was the highest under P1N2 treatment.In summary,the application of 67.5 kg P_(2)O_(5)/hm^(2) of phosphorus combined with the application of 40 mg/L of naphthoic acid can increase the height,stem diameter,dry matter accumulation,maximum filling rate,and accelerate the timing of maximum filling rate of flax seeds,thereby increasing the yield of flax seeds.This integrated approach repr

关 键 词：胡麻 外源NAA 磷肥 灌浆速率 干物质 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]