桃专用有机肥及配套施肥技术对桃园土壤理化性质及收益的影响  

Effects of Peach Special Organic Fertilizer and Fertilization Technology on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Peach Orchard Benefits

作　　者：许佳琳 白平 陈江生[1] 张海[1] 李世清[3] XU Jialin;BAI Ping;CHEN Jiangsheng;ZHANG Hai;LI Shiqing(College of Natural Resource and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Yan’an Research Institute of Environmental Science,Yan’an Shaanxi 716000,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]延安市环境科学研究所,陕西延安716000 [3]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2024年第9期1707-1713,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省技术创新引导专项(2021CGBX-23)。

摘　　要：旨在比较桃专用有机肥及配套施肥技术与化肥、农家肥对桃园土壤理化性质、鲜桃产量及效益的影响。在10 a生桃园(品种:浅涧白桃)基肥设置为,化肥(CK)、农家肥(T_(1))、桃专用有机肥及配套施肥(T_(2))3个处理组(各处理追肥相同)。结果显示,T_(1)和T_(2)处理与CK相比均降低土壤体积质量,增加土壤贮水量,显著提高土壤有机质含量,在0~20 cm土层中有机质较CK分别提高36.77%和33.73%;T_(2)处理提高土壤中速效养分含量,其0~60 cm土层碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾平均含量分别较CK提高7.34%、9.05%、5.90%;各处理桃年均产量为T_(2)>T_(1)≥CK,T_(2)处理的果实含糖量达到23°,糖酸比为33.23;专用肥及配套施肥技术能显著提高鲜桃的产量和品质,改善桃园土壤结构,提高土壤肥力。This study compared the effects of peach special organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer and farm fertilizer on the soil physicochemical properties,peach yield,and benefits in orchards.The three treatments[chemical fertilizer(CK),farm fertilizer(T_(1)),peach special organic fertilizer and supporting fertilization technology(T_(2))]were set in 10-year-old orchards,using white peach as the experimental material.The results showed that T_(1) and T_(2) treatment reduced the soil volumic mass compared with CK,increased the soil water-holding capacity,and significantly raised the soil organic matter content.In T_(1) and T_(2) treatment,organic matter increased 36.77%and 33.73% in 0-20 cm soil layer,respetively,compared with CK.T_(2) treatment increased the content of available nutrient in the soil,with the average content of available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium increasing by 7.34%,9.05% and 5.90% from 0-60 cm,respectively,compared with CK;the average annual yield ranked as follows:T_(2)>T_(1)≥CK,with the sugar content of fruit reaching 23 degrees,and the sugar-acid ratio of 33.23 under T_(2) treatment.In conclusion,the special fertilizer and the supporting fertilization technology significantly enhance the yield and quality of the fresh peach,while improving the soil structure and the soil fertility in peach orchards.

关 键 词：桃专用有机肥 土壤体积质量 土壤贮水量 土壤养分 产量 收益 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学] S153[农业科学—园艺学]