平台经济对社会结构的影响——小业主中间阶层的“重生”及其影响  

The Impact of Platform Economy on Social Structure:The“Rebirth”of the Middle Classes of Small Business Owners and Its Implications

作　　者：蔡禾[1,2] Cai He

机构地区：[1]中山大学社会学与人类学院 [2]中山大学社会学与人类学学院社会学系

出　　处：《社会科学辑刊》2024年第5期131-136,238,F0003,共8页Social Science Journal

摘　　要：平台经济开始改变传统的经济组织模式,经济活动的组织单元趋向小型化,由此产生出大量依赖网络平台生存的个体经营户或微企业。大工业时代的小业主中间阶层不断减少、雇佣劳动者不断增长的社会结构变化趋势开始向小业主中间阶层不断增加、雇佣劳动者不断减少的趋势转变,小业主中间阶层正在成为数字化时代社会发展中不可忽视的力量,劳动组织在经济社会发展中的功能开始下降,小业主中间阶层在生产资料占有关系上的二重性导致他们在地位、行为和观念上也呈现出二重性。社会结构变迁呼吁建立与之相应的经济社会制度安排。坚持马克思主义理论指导就是要坚持从马克思主义关于生产资料占有关系地位的分析立场出发,发掘马克思主义经典作家关于中间阶层概念和观点的当代价值,揭示数字化时代小业主中间阶层的“重生”、发展以及对社会结构产生的“质”的影响,丰富中间阶层的相关理论。The platform economy is reshaping the traditional mode of organizational structures,leading to the miniaturiza⁃tion of organizational units in economic activities,and resulting in the rise of individual entrepreneurs or microenterprises reliant on network platforms.The trend of a decreasing number of the middle classes of small business owners and an increasing number of wage laborers during the industrial era is now reversing,with a growing number of the middle classes of small business owners and a declining number of wage laborers.This transition establishes the middle classes of small business owners as a significant force in the digital age,while the role of labor organiza⁃tions in economic and social development diminishes.The duality in the possession of the means of production for the middle classes of small business owners results in a corresponding duality in their status,behavior,and perspec⁃tives.The change in social structure necessitates corresponding economic and social institutional arrangements.Ad⁃hering to Marxist theoretical guidance entails an analysis grounded in Marxist perspectives on the possession of the means of production.It is crucial to examine the contemporary analytical value of classical Marxist theories regard⁃ing the middle class,revealing the“rebirth”and evolution of the middle classes of small business owners in the digi⁃tal era and its significant impact on social structure.This approach aims to enhance the theoretical understanding of the middle class.

关 键 词：平台经济 社会结构 小业主中间阶层 马克思主义 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]