56个荷花品种引种评价及遗传多样性分析  

Introduction evaluation and genetic diversity analysis of 56 lotus varieties

作　　者：钟琳珊 林发壮 姚凤琴 陈玮婷 林辉锋 曹奕鸯 ZHONG Lin-shan;LIN Fa-zhuang;YAO Feng-qin;CHEN Wei-ting;LIN Hui-feng;CAO Yi-yang(Flower Research Institute,Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanming,Fujian 365051,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization for Mountain Area,Sanming,Fujian 365051,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市农业科学研究院花卉研究所,福建三明365051 [2]福建省(山区)作物遗传改良与创新利用重点实验室,福建三明365051

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第7期2080-2089,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项(2019L3025);三明市科技计划项目(2021-N-8)。

摘　　要：【目的】对引进的56个荷花品种进行引种评价及遗传多样性分析,筛选引种价值高和遗传多样性良好的荷花品种,为荷花的引进及开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】采用层次分析法(AHP)构建引种价值综合评价模型,对56个荷花品种的观赏性和适应性进行综合评价,并采用SSR荧光标记结合毛细管电泳的方法对引进荷花品种进行遗传多样性分析。【结果】荷花引种价值综合评价模型具有2个一级指标和9个二级指标,在约束层(C)对目标层(A)的权重排序上,C_(2)(适应性)所占权重大于C_(1)(观赏性),表明引进品种适应性最为重要;在C_(1)(观赏性)中,P_(6)(着花密度)的权重值最大(0.4707),其次是P_(5)(单朵花花期)的权重值(0.2043)和P7(群体花期)的权重值(0.1318);在C_(2)(适应性)中,P_(8)(生长情况)的权重值(0.7501)大于P_(9)繁殖能力的权重值(0.2499)。影响观赏荷花引种价值评价的指标中权重值排在前3的是P_(8)(生长情况)、P_(9)(繁殖能力)和P_(6)(着花密度)。通过综合评价,筛选出4个综合得分9分以上的优良品种(莫奈画蝶、香雪海、红富贵和彩云追月)、15个较优种和31个良种,同时识别出6个引种价值低的品种。8对SSR引物在56个荷花品种中共扩增出70个等位基因,有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.0742~6.2408个,香农多样性指数(I)为1.2765~1.9657,多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.6392~0.8202。所有SSR分子标记的预期杂合度(He)均高于观测杂合度(Ho);56个荷花品种的遗传相似系数(GS)为0.5862~0.9857,平均为0.7617,在GS为0.7200处供试荷花品种可分为三大类群,在GS为0.7800处可将类群Ⅱ分为3个亚群。【结论】生长情况、繁殖能力和着花密度对综合评价结果影响最大。筛选出的4个优良种可作为重点开发利用对象,较优种和良种可适度开发,不宜推广种植引种价值低的6个品种。8对SSR引物在56个荷花品种中表现出良好的多态性,但供试荷花品种【Objective】Introduction evaluation and genetic diversity analysis of 56 introduced lotus varieties were conducted,to screen lotus varieties with high introduction value and good genetic diversity,and to provide reference for the introduction,development and utilization of lotus.【Method】The ornamental value and adaptability of 56 lotus varieties were evaluated by analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to construct a comprehensive evaluation model of introduction value.Besides,the genetic diversities of introduced lotus varieties were studied using SSR fluorescent markers combined with capillary electrophoresis.【Result】The comprehensive evaluation model of lotus introduction value had 2 first-level indicators and 9 second-level indicators.In the weight ranking of constraint layer(C)to target layer(A),C_(2)(adaptability)had a greater weight than C_(1)(ornamental traits),indicating that the adaptability of introduced varieties was the most important.Among C_(1)(ornamental traits),P_(6)(flowering density)had the highest weight value(0.4707),followed by P_(5)(florescence of single flower)(0.2043)and P7(population florescence)(0.1318).In C_(2)(adaptability),the weight value of P_(8)(growth situation)(0.7501)was greater than the weight value of P_(9)(reproductive ability)(0.2499).The top 3 indicators affecting the evaluation of ornamental lotus introduction value were P_(8)(growth situation),P_(9)(reproductive ability)and P_(6)(flower density).Through comprehensive evaluation,4 excellent varieties with a composite score of 9 or above were selected,including Monaihuadie,Xiangxuehai,Hongfugui and Caiyunzhuiyue,along with 15 better varieties,31 good varieties,and 6 varieties with low introduction value;8 pairs of SSR fluorescent primers in 56 lotus varieties were used to detect 70 alleles,the effective allele number(Ne)ranged from 3.0742 to 6.2408,the Shannon diversity index(I)ranged from 1.2765 to 1.9657,and the polymorphic information content(PIC)ranged from 0.6392 to 0.8202.The expected heterozygosity(He)of all SSR m

关 键 词：荷花 引种 层次分析法 SSR荧光标记 

分 类 号：S682.32[农业科学—观赏园艺]