广西喀斯特石漠化区不同植被恢复模式下土壤微生物多样性与群落结构特征及驱动因素分析  

Characteristics of soil microbial diversity and community structure under different revegetation types in karst rocky desertification areas and analysis of driving factors

作　　者：裴广廷 李夏 贺同鑫 黎俊 庞榆 胡宝清 张伟东[4] 孙建飞 Pei Guangting;Li Xia;He Tongxin;Li Jun;Pang Yu;Hu Baoqing;Zhang Weidong;Sun Jianfei(Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf,Ministry of Education,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,Guangxi,China;Nonggang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi,Chongzuo 532499,Guangxi,China;School of Geography and Planning,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,Guangxi,China;Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Huitong 418307,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室、广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [2]弄岗喀斯特生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站,广西崇左532499 [3]南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院,广西南宁530001 [4]中国科学院会同森林生态实验站,亚热带森林生态系统结构与服务功能湖南省重点实验室,湖南会同418307

出　　处：《地理科学》2024年第9期1630-1642,共13页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFDA238010,2021GXNSFBA220028);国家自然科学基金项目(42061009,42277468,42367068);弄岗喀斯特生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站科研能力建设项目(桂科23-026-273)资助。

摘　　要：对广西喀斯特地区5种植被恢复模式,即澳洲坚果模式(Macadamia integrifolia)、核桃(Juglans regia)模式、桑葚(Morus alba)模式、苏木(Caesalpinia sappan)模式和封育林模式下的土壤细菌、真菌的α多样性和群落结构特征及影响因素进行分析。结果显示:相比撂荒地,植被恢复对土壤理化性质产生显著影响,其中封育林对土壤有机碳和氮磷养分含量的提升效果最大。5种植被恢复在不同程度上提升了土壤微生物α多样性,其中桑葚对细菌丰富度、谱系多样性影响最大,而核桃对真菌丰富度、香浓指数影响最为显著。土壤pH值、硝态氮和交换性钙含量与细菌α多样性(丰富度、香浓指数、谱系多样性指数)显著正相关。植被恢复显著改变了土壤微生物群落结构,主要表现在相比撂荒地,核桃显著增加了浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)细菌和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)真菌的相对丰度,澳洲坚果显著增加了子囊菌门(Ascomycota)真菌相对丰度。冗余分析表明土壤交换性钙和总氮含量是微生物群落结构变化相对重要的驱动因子。总而言之,桑葚、核桃提升微生物多样性效果显著,可能有助于提高土壤生态系统稳定性;澳洲坚果显著增加子囊菌门真菌丰度,在增强土壤抗侵蚀能力方面可能具有重要作用;封育林增加土壤有机碳、氮磷养分效果明显,对改善喀斯特退化生态系统土壤肥力具有重要意义。Microbes play an important role in improving soil fertility and nutrient cycle.Exploring the soil microbial community characteristics under different revegetation types can provide scientific basis for the restoration and reconstruction of karst degraded ecosystem.In this study,5 vegetation restoration types(i.e.,Macadamia integrifolia,Juglans regia,Morus alba,Caesalpinia sappan and enclosure forest)were selected to analysis theαdiversity and community structure of soil bacteria and fungi and their controlling factors.Results showed that compared with the abandoned land,vegetation restoration had a significant impact on soil physical and chemical properties,with the greatest effect of enclosure forest on improving soil organic carbon(SOC)and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient content.Different types of revegetation enhanced theαdiversity of soil microorganisms in different degrees,with the most significant influence on bacterial richness and pedigree diversity under Morus alba,and on fungal richness and shannon index under Juglans regia.Soil pH,NO_(3)^(−)and Ca^(2+)contents were positively correlated with bacterialαdiversity(richness,shannon index and pedigree diversity index).Revegetation significantly changed microbial community structure,which was mainly manifested in that compared with abandoned land,Juglans regia significantly increased the relative abundance of Planctomycetes and Basidiomycetes,and Macadamia integrifolia significantly increased the relative abundance of Ascomycetes.Redundancy analysis showed that the contents of soil Ca^(2+)and TN were the relative important influencing factors of microbial community structure.Our findings indicate that the plantations of Morus alba and Juglans regia had a remarkable effect on improving microbial diversity,which will help to improve the stability of soil ecosystem.Macadamia integrifolia significantly increased the abundance of Ascomycota,which may play an important role in enhancing soil erosion resistance.Natural enclosure forest had obvious effect on i

关 键 词：喀斯特石漠化区 植被恢复修复 土壤微生物 生物多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：S718.81[农业科学—林学] S718.83