不同花椒品种抗早霜能力测定  

Determination of early frost resistance of different Zanthoxylum bungeanum varieties

作　　者：孙浩 李大勇 郭伟珍 武军凯 李莹 赵京献 SUN Hao;LI Dayong;GUO Weizhen;WU Junkai;LI Ying;ZHAO Jingxian(College of Horticultual Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultrual Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization/Hebei Highter Institute Application Technology Center of Horticultural Plant Biological Breeding,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066000,China;Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science/Hebei Technial Innovation Center for Forest Improved variety,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050061,China;Hebei Mulan Paddock State Forest,Weichang,Hebei 068450,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院园艺科技学院/河北省特色园艺种质挖掘与创新利用重点实验室/河北省高校特色园艺植物生物育种应用技术研发中心,河北秦皇岛066000 [2]河北省林业和草原科学研究院/河北省林木良种技术创新中心,河北石家庄050061 [3]河北省木兰围场国有林场,河北围场068450

出　　处：《河北林业科技》2024年第2期6-11,20,共7页Journal of Hebei Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省高层次人才资助项目“河北省主要花椒品种抗寒机理及其关键技术研究”(C20231156);河北省花椒产业专家支撑团队项目(LC2023-12);花椒栽培标准化示范区建设(SFQ[2021]011号)。

摘　　要：为了解不同花椒品种抗早霜能力,于10月底采集‘冀椒1号’‘武都八月椒’‘朝仓山椒’和‘兴隆秋椒’的1 a生枝条,进行室内梯度降温,测定相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)、渗透调节物质以及相关抗氧化酶活性等生理指标。结果显示:(1)花椒枝条受到低温胁迫后,相对电导率呈“S”曲线,‘兴隆秋椒’半致死温度最低(-10.71℃),抗寒性最强,其次是‘朝仓山椒’(-7.79℃),半致死温度最高为‘武都八月椒’(-4.167℃),抗低温能力较差;(2)花椒枝条受到低温胁迫后,丙二醛含量随温度的下降呈先降后升趋势;(3)花椒枝条受到低温胁迫后,渗透调节物质总体变化趋势为缓慢上升后下降;(4)花椒枝条受到低温胁迫后,SOD活性为先升后降再升再降的趋势;POD、CAT活性总体为先升后降的趋势;(5)隶属函数分析表明:4个花椒品种的平均隶属度排序依次为:‘兴隆秋椒’‘朝仓山椒’‘冀椒1号’‘武都八月椒’。综合分析可得四个花椒品种的抗早霜能力由强到弱依次为:‘兴隆秋椒’‘朝仓山椒’‘冀椒1号’‘武都八月椒’。In order to understand the early frost resistance of different Zanthoxylum bungeanum varieties,1-year old branches o‘f Jijiao No.1’‘Wudu Bayuejiao’‘Chaocang Shanjiao’‘Xinglong Qiujiao’were collected at the end of October before the tree was dormant.Indoor gradient cooling was carried out,and physiological indicators such as relative conductivity,malondialdehyde(MDA),osmoregulatory substances,and related antioxidant enzyme activities were measured.The results showed that:(1)After being subjected to low temperature stress,the relative conductivity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches showed an“S”curve.‘Xinglong Qiujiao’had the lowest semi lethal temperature(-10.71℃),the strongest cold resistance,followed by‘Chaocang shanjiao’(-7.79℃),and the highest semi lethal temperature wa‘s Wudu Bayuejiao’(-4.167℃),indicating poor cold resistance;(2)After being subjected to low temperature stress,the MDA content in Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing;(3)The overall trend of osmotic regulatory substances in Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches under low temperature stress was a slow increase followed by a decrease;(4)After being subjected to low temperature stress,the SOD activity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,then increasing and then decreasing;The overall trend of POD and CAT activity was an increase followed by a decrease;(5)The membership function analysis showed that the average membership ranking of the four Zanthoxylum bungeanum varieties was as follows:‘Xinglong Qiujiao’‘Chaocang Shanjiao’‘Jijiao No.1’‘Wudu Bayuejiao’.Through comprehensive analysis,it can be concluded that the resistance to early frost of four Zanthoxylum bungeanum varieties,from strong to weak,was as follows:‘Xinglong Qiujiao’‘Chaocang Shanjiao’‘Jijiao No.1’‘Wudu Bayuejiao’.

关 键 词：花椒 抗寒性 电导率 半致死温度 生理指标 早霜 

分 类 号：S573.9[农业科学—作物学]