论约束重构在虚位移原理求解系统内力中的应用  

Application of constraint reconstruction in solving system internal forces based on the principle of virtual displacement

作　　者：张居敏[1] 邓在京[1] Zhang Jumin;Deng Zaijing(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《海南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期251-257,共7页Journal of Hainan University（Natural Science）

基　　金：华中农业大学“课程思政”示范建设研究课题(sz2021072)。

摘　　要：系统内力即作用力与反作用力是成对出现的,涉及两个物体.用虚位移原理求解静力学系统内力时作用力与反作用力一般都有虚功,要分别确定虚位移,分别计算虚功,过程比较复杂.本文提出重新构建系统外部约束,把系统内力涉及的两个物体中的一个固定下来,于是作用力与反作用力中的一个力虚位移为零、虚功为零,从而简化内力虚功计算过程.拆除系统原有约束时要保留相应约束力,重新构建约束时不能使系统成为超静定问题.The internal force of statics system,namely the force and the reacting force,occurs in pairs and in⁃volves two objects.When the principle of virtual displacement is used to solve the internal force of a static me⁃chanical system,the forces and the reacting force generally have virtual work,it is necessary to determine the virtual displacement separately and calculate the virtual work separately,and which is a complex process.In the report,reconstructing the external constraints of the system and fixing one of the two objects involved in the inter⁃nal force of the system was proposed.Therefore,the virtual displacement of one force in the force and the react⁃ing force is zero and the virtual work is zero too,which simplify the calculation process of internal force virtual work.When dismantling the original constraints of the statics system,the corresponding constraint forces should be retained.When rebuilding the system constraints,the system cannot become statically indeterminate.

关 键 词：虚位移原理 理论力学 约束重构 静力学 系统内力 

分 类 号：O342[理学—固体力学]