中国式社区研究的现代生成:从文化自觉到学术自觉  

Modern Formation of Chinese-Style Community Studies:From Cultural Self-Consciousness to Academic Self-Consciousness

作　　者：赵万里[1] 莫太齐 Zhao Wanli;Mo Taiqi

机构地区：[1]南开大学社会学院暨马克思主义社会学研究中心 [2]南开大学社会学院,天津300350

出　　处：《学海》2024年第5期47-58,214,共13页Academia Bimestris

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国马克思主义社会学的理论创新与意识形态建设研究”(项目号:18ZDA163)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：费孝通晚年强调学科的“文化自觉”,可谓是对中国社会学的本土化历程、社会功能与文明比较价值的再定位。本文以“中国式社区研究”衔接这一问题线索,也是对社会学中国化历史进程的新思考。中国式社区研究的生成,实质上是吴文藻及其学派致力于西方现代社会学与人类学的本土化,以推动中国文化主体自觉的产物。这一学派立足“社会”范畴,兼收并蓄西方社会学思想流派之长,并将“社区”概念本土化,以此作为学科化研究布局的纽带。通过对社区社会学理论脉络的本土融通,他们不仅以区位学派的观点延展文化学派的空间视野,也以文化学派的观点补足区位学派之历史感,从而形成了中国社区研究的内在理论意识。随着实地研究工作的深入,费孝通发展了社区分析的文化类型学框架,逐步建构起以“乡土中国”为参照的比较文明研究范式。In his later years,Mr.Fei Hsiao-tung emphasized the“cultural self-consciousness”of the discipline,and actually can be seen as the repositioning of the localization process,social functions and comparative civilization values within Chinese sociology.This paper connects this issue with“Chinese-style community studies”and presents a new reflection on the historical process of Chinese sociology.The emergence of Chinese community studies essentially stems from Wu Wen-tsao and his School members’dedication to localizing western modern sociology and anthropology,fostering the self-consciousness of Chinese culture subjects.Based on the“society”category,this School incorporated the strengths of Western sociological thought schools,and localized the concept of“Community”and used it as a framework for disciplinary organization.Through the local integration of theoretical context in community sociology,they not only extended space perspective of the Culture School,but also infused the Location School with a sense of history,thus forming the the intrinsic theoretical consciousness of Chinese community studies.As the fieldwork deepened,Mr.Fei developed a typological framework for community analysis and gradually constructed a comparative civilization paradigm centered on“Earthbound China”.

关 键 词：社会学中国化 中国式社区研究 文化自觉 学术自觉 

分 类 号：C912[经济管理] G122[社会学]