碳中和技术创新的法制保障研究  

Research on Legal Guarantee of Technological Innovation on Carbon Neutrality

作　　者：冯帅 Feng Shuai

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院,成都610207

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期67-75,210,211,共11页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：四川大学研究阐释党的二十届三中全会精神专项课题“总体国家安全观下中外能源合作法律机制研究”(2024szqh01);四川高校人文社科重点研究基地(能源环境碳中和创新研究中心)重点项目“四川降碳、减污、扩绿、增长协同推进法律机制研究”(ZD02202401);四川省社会科学重点研究基地(农业现代化与乡村振兴研究中心)重点项目“农业走向碳中和的法治保障研究”(AMRR2024002)。

摘　　要：技术创新是实现碳中和目标的主要驱动,也是中美竞争投射在碳中和领域的核心呈现。在碳中和技术创新时,法律发挥着引导、保障和协调功能,不仅支撑碳中和技术研发,而且规范碳中和技术应用,同时协调碳中和技术创新所涉及的各类利益关系。考虑到相关制度的缺失,深入探索其内在结构尤为必要。在制度设计时,可基于碳中和技术创新的科学原理与现实规律,确立系统优化、清洁低碳和数字驱动三项基本原则,以全局观和系统性思维构建“资金-技术”联合机制、“产-学-研”一体化机制、“政府-市场-社会”协同机制和“国际-国内”共享机制,通过考察复杂的经济社会利益,引入多元主体参与,统筹国内外现有资源,以多角度、多渠道为碳中和技术创新保驾护航。Technological innovation is the main driving force to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality,and is also the core manifestation of Sino-US competition in this field.The former indicates that there is still a large gap between existing technologies and those oriented towards carbon neutrality,while the latter indicates the urgent need for China to break away from its dependence on US technology and strengthen the autonomy of its national green strategy.In the process of technological innovation on carbon neutrality,law plays a guiding,guaranteeing and coordinating function,not only supporting the research and development of the technology,but also regulating technological application and coordinating the various interests involved in technological innovation.Specifically,research and development,as a kind of knowledge production,have both inheritance and potential spillover,making it different from general commodities.Therefore,as a non-market system,law provides incentives for researchers on the one hand,and encourages the dissemination of research findings on the other hand,to promote economic and social development.In the face of risks such as technology development lagging behind security needs,insufficient multi-subject interaction,and“technological omnipotence”,law can introduce the value concepts of“technology neutrality”,“safety priority”and“risk assessment”advocated by modern society,to ensure the development of relevant technologies within the scope of the rule of law and the application within reasonable limits.In the entanglement of technological innovation on carbon neutrality involving“human-nature”relationship and“human-human”relationship,law can weigh various interests with the help of complex interest balance mechanisms through unique functional attributes,to establish the core dimension of the legal system and its logical starting point under the value orientation of“good”,which provides value evaluation criteria and justification basis for technological innovation on c

关 键 词：碳中和技术 法律功能 制度安排 利益关系 绿色低碳发展 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]