塔北塔中地区中、下寒武统岩性组合与变形特征及其对油气输导影响  

Lithological associations,deformation characteristics of the Lower-Middle Cambrian and their influence on oil and gas migration in the North-central Tarim Basin

作　　者：谷雨 吴俊[1,2] 樊太亮[1,2] 吕峻岭 GU Yu;WU Jun;FAN Tailiang;L Junling(School of Energy Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Enrichment Mechanism(Ministry of Education),China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)能源学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)海相储层演化与油气富集机理教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《地学前缘》2024年第5期313-331,共19页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42102151);中央高校基本科研业务费“新教师基本科研能力提升项目”(2652022034)。

摘　　要：塔里木盆地塔北塔中地区寒武系勘探生产实践揭示,油气分布严格受控于断裂,不同断裂段之间油气差异性显著,断裂带具有重要的垂向输导作用。因此,加强塔北塔中地区中、下寒武统的岩性组合与变形特征研究,对判定整体地层变形情况和厘清影响油气输导效率的因素具有重要意义。本研究以塔里木盆地塔北塔中地区中、下寒武统为研究对象,基于岩心、钻/测井、3D地震及生产动态数据等资料,首先开展岩石类型划分和岩性组合分析,然后通过井震标定及区域地震剖面追踪,明确岩性组合的地震响应特征,最后指明断裂作用下目的层变形特征,揭示岩性组合与构造变形特征对油气输导效率的影响。研究结果表明:(1)研究区共发育白云岩类、含膏岩类和含泥白云岩类等3种岩石类型,根据叠置样式分为上下分段型、对称型和互层型三种岩性组合;(2)不同岩性组合的地震反射特征存在显著差异性,上下分段型岩性组合对应于上部弱振幅、下部强振幅,呈现席状平行亚平行反射特征,对称型岩性组合表现为具有中强振幅且连续性较好的地震反射之间夹持着弱振幅、连续性中等的席状平行反射的特征。互层型岩性组合表现为强振幅、高频率和连续性好的地震反射特征;(3)在不同的应力分段作用下,目的层变形特征分为膏岩层厚度减小、厚度增大及厚度稳定共3种类型。研究揭示出岩性组合与构造变形联合控制着油气输导,顺北区块岩性组合的叠置样式呈现明显的区域差异性,西部以对称型叠置为主,东部以上下分段型对称型为主。对称型岩性组合的变形程度较高有利于油气输导,上下分段型岩性组合在拉分段更为有利。Exploration and production practices in the North-central Tarim Basin have revealed that the distribution of oil and gas is strictly controlled by faults,with significant variability in oil and gas between different fault segments.Fault zones played an important role in their vertical migration.Therefore,revealing lithological associations of the Lower-Middle Cambrian in the North-central regions of this basin is of great significance for determining strata deformation and clarifying factors affecting migration efficiency of oil and gas.This study was based on cores,drilling/logging,3D seismic and production dynamic datum from this study area.Firstly,the lithological types and associations analysis were carried out.Subsequently,the seismic response characteristics of lithological associations was clarified through well-seismic calibration and regional seismic profile tracking.Finally,the deformation characteristics of target layers under fault movements was identified,and lithological associations and their deformation influences on oil and gas migration was revealed.The results can be obtained as follows:(1)The lithological types consist of dolomites,gypsum-bearing rocks and argillaceous dolomites,which are classified into three types of lithological associations according to their stacking patterns:upper and lower segmented,symmetrical and interbedded types.(2)There are significant differences in seismic reflection characteristics among lithological associations.The upper and lower segmented lithological associations are corresponded to the weak amplitude reflection at the upper part,the strong amplitude reflection and sheet parallel to sub-parallel reflection at the lower part.The symmetric lithological associations show that the seismic reflections with medium-strong amplitude and good continuity are interspersed with sheet-parallel reflections of weak amplitude and medium continuity.The interbedded lithological associations are characterized by strong amplitude,high frequency and good continuity in seismic r

关 键 词：走滑断裂带 油气输导 岩性组合 中、下寒武统 塔里木盆地塔北塔中地区 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] P588.245[天文地球—地质学]