方志舆图要素系统解析及其对国土空间规划的启示——以清康熙《济南府志》舆图为例  

Analysis of the Element System of Local Chronicle Map and Its Implications on Territorial Spatial Planning:Taking the Local Chronicle Map of Jinan Fuzhi in Kangxi’s Reign of the Qing Dynasty as an Example

作　　者：赵虎[1] 闫静 孟赛赛 张悦[3] Zhao Hu;Yan Jing;Meng Saisai;Zhang Yue(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China;Shijiazhuang Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Shandong Jianzhu University Design Group Co.,LTD.,Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学建筑城规学院,山东济南250101 [2]石家庄市自然资源和规划局,河北石家庄050051 [3]山东建筑大学设计集团有限公司,山东济南250013

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2024年第5期113-124,共12页China Cultural Heritage

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划项目:清初济南府城镇体系格局及其对省会经济圈发展的启示(22CDSJ20);山东省人文社科课题:山东黄河文化遗产构成与保护传承策略研究(2022-YYYS-07)

摘　　要：舆图是方志的重要组成部分,其中蕴含着深厚的古代营城智慧,对当前国土空间规划有着重要的启示作用。目前方志舆图的研究,特别是清朝方志舆图,虽已经形成一定的研究基础,但多集中在对方志舆图的基础性架构、相关历史地理信息解读等方面,且针对济南地区的研究较少。同时,舆图研究的思路还存在就图论图的局限,如忽视图形绘制人的影响,及图形中所蕴含城乡规划思维的挖掘等等。本文以清康熙《济南府志》中的89幅舆图为例,在系统整理资料的基础上,对舆图的构成要素、表现形式和蕴含理念进行深入解析。将清代舆图要素构成总结为“四大系统”——自然系统、世俗系统、宗教系统和联系系统;从四大系统的要素识别出发,分析其表现特征,总结出表现形式上的“六大交互”——写实与写意、全局与节点、符号与形象、文字与图形、平面与立面、二维与三维,并对舆图中隐含的规划思维进行提炼总结,得出“四大理念”——多元共生、政学营城、祠祀配套、水陆并兴。由此,结合山东省省会经济圈实际和国土空间规划改革方向,从生态安全、城乡治理、历史保护和制图表现四个方面提出具体建议。Local chronicle maps are an important part of chronicles and contain profound ancient urban planning wisdom,which has important implications for current reforms in territorial spatial planning.With the promotion of the new era concept of“China’s governance”through“chronicles of China”,there has been a continuous emergence of research results on local chronicle maps by Chinese scholars in recent years.Although there has been a certain research foundation for the study of local chronicle maps,especially those from the Qing Dynasty,with a focus on the basic framework and relevant historical and geographical information,there has been relatively little research specifically on the Jinan area.Furthermore,the approach to studying local chronicle maps is limited,such as neglecting the influence of map makers and the exploration of the urban and rural planning concepts contained within the maps.Taking the 89 maps in Jinan Fuzhi of the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty as an example,this paper deeply analyzes the constituent elements,forms of expression,and implied ideas of maps based on systematic data collation.The constituent elements of maps in the Qing Dynasty are summarized as the“four systems”—natural system,secular system,religious system,and connection system.Starting from the identification of the elements of the four systems,the paper analyzes their characteristics and summarizes the“six interactions”in terms of representation forms—realism and impressionism,global and local,symbol and image,text and graphic,planar and spatial,as well as two-dimensional and three-dimensional.It also summarizes the implicit planning ideas in the maps,arriving at the“four ideas”—the coexistence of diversity,integration of politics and education,supporting facilities for ancestral worship,and coordinated development of land and water traffic.Subsequently,based on the actual economic circle of Shandong’s provincial capital and the direction of territorial spatial planning reform,this paper proposes spe

关 键 词：方志舆图 要素系统 康熙《济南府志》 内涵理念 国土空间规划 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]