三种秦巴特色中药材的历史沿革与研究进展  

The historical evolution and research progresses of three Qinba characteristic Chinese medicinal materials

作　　者：赵晔[1] 郝晗 耿欣 贾梦辛 张新新 王美 杨洋 李扬[1] 王四旺 郑晓晖[5] ZHAO Ye;HAO Han;GENG Xin;JIA Mengxin;ZHANG Xinxin;WANG Mei;YANG Yang;LI Yang;WANG Siwang;ZHENG Xiaohui(Chemistry of Chinese Materia Medica Research Laboratory of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Third Grade),Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China;School of Pharmacy,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061,China;College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China;Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China;Shaanxi Provincial Center for Innovative Drug Research,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学国家中医药管理局中药化学〔三级〕科研实验室,陕西西安710069 [2]西安交通大学医学部药学院,陕西西安710061 [3]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,陕西西安710119 [4]西北大学陕西省生物医药重点实验室,陕西西安710069 [5]西北大学陕西省创新药物研究中心,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期767-784,共18页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81202503);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2017ZDXM-SF-017);陕西省重点科技创新团队计划项目(2016KCT-24);陕西省中医药“双链融合”中青年科研创新团队项目(2022-SLRH-YQ-002);陕西中医药传承创新暨“秦药”开发重点科学研究项目(2021-03-22-004);陕西省中管局委托科研项目(ZYJWT-2024-001)。

摘　　要：秦巴地区特有的气候与水土环境使陕西成为中国生物多样性最丰富的省份之一。陕西自古就是重要的中药材适生区,有“天然药库”“秦地无闲草”等美誉,道地中药材有杜仲、秦艽、丹参和黄姜等。道地性的内核是自然环境与生态条件共同演化造就了中药材的性质与功效,为了从千年临床用药经验和研究中全面认识秦巴特色中药材,本研究通过古籍资料考证结合现代研究,选取不同种属3种秦巴特色中药材杜仲、秦艽和黄姜对采收加工、性味归经、炮制提取、化学成分、功效主治、新药研发进行了梳理归纳,探析道地性的物质基础,科学阐释其作用机制,为合理利用、科学开发秦巴特色中药材提供思路,为创新中国药的现代化研发提供源泉。The climate,water and soil environment of Qinba has made Shaanxi one of the provinces with the richest biodiversity in China.Shaanxi has been an important area for the growth of traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times,with reputations such as"natural medicine bank"and"no idle grass in Qin land".Authentic traditional Chinese medicine includes Eucommiae cortex,Gentianae macrophyllae radix,Salviae miltiorrhizae radix et rhizoma,and Dioscorea zingiberensis radix et rhizoma.The core of authenticity lies in the co evolution of natural environment and ecological conditions,which have shaped the properties and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.In order to comprehensively understand the unique Chinese medicinal materials of Qinba from thousands of years of clinical experiences and research,this article selects three representative Chinese medicinal materials of Qinba from different genera,studies ancient books and modern research,and summarizes their harvesting and preparing,properties and flavors,processing and extraction,chemical composition,efficacy and treatment,and new drug development.It deeply explores the material basis of authentic Chinese medicinal materials,scientifically explains the mechanism of action,provides ideas for the rational use and scientific development of Qinba unique Chinese medicinal materials,and provides a source for the modern research and development of innovative Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：杜仲 秦艽 黄姜 道地性 秦巴特色中药材 创新中国药 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]