胡桃属植物演化历史和基因组学研究进展  

A review of research progress on evolutionaryhistory and genomics in Juglans

作　　者：赵鹏[1] ZHAO Peng(Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China,Ministry of Education/College of Life Sciences,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院/西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期785-810,共26页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32370386,32070372,41471038,31200500);陕西省杰出青年项目(2023-JC-JQ-22);陕西省重点研发计划(2024NC-YBXM-064);陕西基础科学(化学、生物)研究院基础科学研究计划重点项目(22JHZ005,23JHZ009)。

摘　　要：胡桃属约有22个物种,为第三纪孑遗植物,全球范围均有分布。该属植物种质资源丰富,具有重要的食用、材用、生态、经济、药用价值。其中,胡桃栽培历史悠久。综述胡桃属植物演化历史和基因组学方面的研究进展,从胡桃属植物物种形成、系统发育、生物地理和基因组学几个方面进行了阐述。对该属植物遗传多样性和驯化历史方面的研究前景进行展望。随着测序和分子生物技术的迅速发展,基因组学、转录组学、代谢组学、重测序、DNA甲基化、细胞器基因组、全基因组基因关联分析和其他组学技术将成为胡桃属植物演化历史、组学和育种的有利工具。The genus Juglans(walnut)consists of about 22 species,which are relic of the Tertiary period,with a widely global distribution.This genus is rich in germplasm resources and has significant value for food,timber,ecology,economy,and medicine.Persian walnut(Juglans regia L.)is the most important with a long history of cultivation.In this article,the evolutionary history and progress in genomic research of walnuts were reviewed.The speciation,phylogeny,biogeography,and genomics were discussed in genus Juglans.The prospects for research on the genetic diversity and domestication history of these plants are also discussed.With the rapid development of molecular biological technology and the next generation sequencing techniques,the genomics,transcriptomics,metabolomics,whole genome resequencing,DNA methylation sequencing,organelle genomes,genome-wide association studies,and other omics would be useful tools in studying the evolutionary history,genomics,and breeding of Juglans.

关 键 词：胡桃属 演化历史 分子系统发育 基因组学 生物地理 驯化 

分 类 号：S718.49[农业科学—林学]