鞘脂代谢调控植物生长发育  

Sphingolipids metabolism regulates plant growth and development

作　　者：罗笑 陈立余 LUO Xiao;CHEN Liyu(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane/School of Future Technology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学未来技术学院/国家甘蔗工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期822-839,共18页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32170324,U23A20188);福建省自然科学基金杰青项目(2020J06040);福建农林大学科技创新基金(CXZX2020089A,KFb22111XA)。

摘　　要：鞘脂类物质是构成植物膜系统的重要组分,在不同的植物细胞和组织中鞘脂的结构和含量分布迥异。鞘脂也是细胞内重要的信号分子,参与调控植物的程序性细胞死亡、气孔开闭、根的生长、花粉发育、植物形态建成和果实成熟与脱落等多个过程。鞘脂代谢紊乱会造成底物或者产物的积累,进而导致植物生长、发育异常。目前植物中鞘脂的研究主要通过突变体表型和鞘脂类物质的含量来评估,缺乏对精密调控网络的研究,因此有较大的研究空白亟待填补。综述了目前参与植物鞘脂代谢过程的鞘脂类物质及其相关的代谢酶类,并分类讨论了鞘脂代谢基因突变体表型和造成突变体表型的潜在原因。Sphingolipids are essential components of plant biomembrane system with their structure and content varying significantly across different plant cells and tissues.They also function as intracellular signaling molecules,participating in the regulation of processes such as programmed cell death,stomatal open and closure,root growth,pollen development,plant morphogenesis,and fruit ripening and shedding.Disruptions in sphingolipid metabolism result in the accumulation of substrates or products,leading to abnormal plant development.Currently,research on sphingolipids in plants primarily evaluates mutant phenotype and changes of sphingolipids content.However,there are significant research gaps due to a lack of precise regulatory networks.This review summarized sphingolipids involved in plant sphingolipid metabolism and their related enzyme.It also discussed the mutant phenotype of sphingolipid metabolism related genes and the possible causes of the mutant phenotype.

关 键 词：鞘脂 鞘脂稳态 鞘氨醇 神经酰胺 生长发育 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]