基于节能导向的寒冷地区医院建筑形态多目标寻优技术研究  

Research on multi-objective optimization techniques of hospital building forms in cold regions based on energy-saving orientation

作　　者：王茜[1] 石谦飞[1] 史树一 WANG Xi;SHI Qianfei;SHI Shuyi(College of Architecture,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Architectural Design and Research Institute,Taiyuan 030013,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学建筑学院,山西太原030002 [2]山西省建筑设计研究院有限公司,山西太原030013

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期604-612,共9页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：建筑设计行业面临着能源需求不断增长的挑战,建筑模拟被广泛用于后期设计阶段.虽然早期阶段的设计已被证实会对建筑的整体性能产生重要影响,其在早期阶段设计决策对最终的建筑性能和成本有重大影响,但其应用仍然是有限的.本文提出了一种新的设计模拟方法,以节能导向为目标,遗传算法Octopus为工具,参数化模拟Grasshopper为平台,寒冷地区为背景,将参数化建模与多目标优化结合起来,以便实现快速迭代和权衡分析.综合考虑医院建筑功能的特殊性和多项限制条件,从总图布局、建筑单体和建筑局部三个方面分别进行变量控制,将节能纳入早期建筑设计的考虑要素中,并将医院建筑形态多目标寻优技术应用于实际工程项目中,有助于建立一套目标导向-自动寻优-设计决策的仿真模拟框架,该框架有利于主动、智能和基于经验的建筑仿真模拟,有助于在建筑设计早期做出决策.The building design industry is challenged by growing energy demands,and building simulation is widely used in the later design stages.While early stage design has been shown to have a significant impact on the overall building performance,its application remains limited in the early stages where design decisions have a significant impact on the final building performance and cost.In this paper,a new design simulation method is proposed,with energy-saving as the goal,genetic algorithm Octopus as the tool,parameterized simulation Grasshopper as the platform,and cold regions as the background,to combine parameterized modeling with multi-objective optimization to achieve rapid iteration and trade-off analysis.Considering the particularity of hospital building function and a number of constraints,variable control is carried out from three aspects:general layout,building monomer and building part.Energy saving is incorporated into the consideration elements of early building design,and the multi-objective optimization technology of hospital building morphology is applied to actual engineering projects,which helps to establish a set of goal-oriented-automatic optimization-seeking-design decision-making simulation framework.This framework is conducive to active,intelligent and experience-based building simulation,which is helpful to make decisions in the early stage of building design.

关 键 词：节能设计 寒冷地区 医院建筑 软件模拟 形态布局 多目标寻优 

分 类 号：TU242[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]