激光选区熔化成形大尺寸薄壁件变形控制仿真与试验研究  

Simulation and Experimental Study of Deformation Control of Large-size and Thin-wall Parts by SLM

作　　者：张珞 刘明明 陈锐敏 但鹏 郭楠 ZHANG Luo;LIU Mingming;CHEN Ruimin;DAN Peng;GUO Nan(Jiangxi Changhe Aviation Industries Co.,Ltd.,Jingdezhen,Jiangxi,333000;HFYC(Zhenjiang)Additive Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu,212001)

机构地区：[1]江西昌河航空工业有限公司,景德镇333000 [2]航发优材(镇江)增材制造有限公司,镇江212001

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2024年第9期1653-1658,1709,共7页China Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：采用Simufact Additive软件对典型大尺寸薄壁件——排气管进行了增材制造过程工艺仿真分析。结果显示,无约束下的排气管零件在激光选区熔化(SLM)成形后具有较高的残余应力,并存在较大变形;后处理释放了零件残余应力,但零件整体形变量进一步增至3.5 mm,最大形变量高达9 mm。通过引入具有高比强度、高比刚度的晶格结构作为控形辅助结构,设计了一种既具有足够抵抗变形能力又能够后处理去除的晶格工艺方案:单元格类型为QuadDiametral,杆径1.3 mm,杆长19 mm,晶格区域宽度约60 mm。晶格约束下的排气管零件SLM成形试验结果与数值模拟结果相当吻合,三维扫描云图结果显示,零件整体变形量在1 mm左右,最大变形量不超过2.5 mm,满足零件的使用要求。上述结果验证了晶格结构用于SLM成形大尺寸薄壁件变形控制的有效性。Simulate Additive software was used to simulate and analyze the additive manufacturing processes of a typical large-sized thin-walled component—exhaust pipe.The results show that the SLM formed exhaust pipe parts without constraints have high residual stress and significant deformation.The post-processing releases residual stress in the parts,but the overall deformation of the parts further increases to 3.5 mm,with a maximum deformation of 9 mm.A lattice structure was introduced with high specific strength and stiffness as an auxiliary structure for controlling deformations,and a lattice processing scheme was designed with sufficient resistance to deformation and may be removed through post-processing.The cell type is QuadDiamond,the rod diameter is as 1.3 mm,the rod length is as 19 mm,and the width of the lattice region is about 60 mm.The SLM test results of the exhaust pipe parts under lattice constraints are quite consistent with the numerical simulation results.The cloud image results of the three-dimensional scanning show that the overall deformation of the part is about 1 mm,and the maximum deformation does not exceed 2.5 mm,meeting the requirements for the part use.The above results show the effectiveness of using lattice structure in deformation control of large-sized thin-walled parts formed by SLM.

关 键 词：增材制造 激光选区熔化 大尺寸薄壁件 仿真分析 变形控制 晶格结构 

分 类 号：V261.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]