日粮磷水平对夏南牛生长性能和血清生化指标及瘤胃微生物区系的影响  

Effectsof dietary phosphorus levels on growth performance,serum biochemical indicesand rumen microbiota of Xianan cattle

作　　者：黄天琪 万发春 沈维军[1] 王祚 刘磊[2] 肖定福[1] 兰欣怡[1] HUANG Tianqi;WAN Fachun;SHEN Weijun;WANG Zuo;LIU Lei;XIAO Dingfu;LAN Xinyi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan410128,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学动物医学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期70-75,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172758);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1301101-1);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37);湖南省科学技术厅项目(2021RC4060);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2019JJ50279、2021JJ30011)。

摘　　要：选取36头遗传背景相似的13~15月龄、体质量为(332.8±49.9)kg的夏南牛,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复3头牛,分别饲喂磷质量分数为0.15%、0.18%、0.20%、0.23%的日粮,预试期15d,试验期60d,测定夏南牛生长性能和血清生化指标,分析日粮磷水平对瘤胃微生物区系的影响。结果表明:日粮磷质量分数0.15%组夏南牛日干物质采食量极显著低于其他各组的;0.18%和0.20%组牛平均日增重显著高于0.15%组的;磷质量分数为0.20%时,夏南牛的平均日增重最高,达0.92kg;不同磷质量分数日粮对夏南牛的干物质表观消化率、中性洗涤纤维表观消化率、酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率、粗蛋白表观消化率和钙表观消化率无显著影响,磷的表观消化率随日粮中磷质量分数的提高呈线性增加;日粮磷质量分数对夏南牛血清中钙、磷、尿素氮浓度和碱性磷酸酶活性无显著影响;日粮磷质量分数对夏南牛瘤胃发酵参数无显著影响,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为瘤胃微生物的优势菌门。体质量为(332.8±49.9)kg的13~15月龄夏南牛推荐日粮磷质量分数为0.20%。A total of 36 Xianan cattle aged13-15 months and weighed(332.8±49.9)kg with similar genetic background were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group.Cattlesin 4 groups were fed diets withphosphorus mass fractions of 0.15%,0.18%,0.20%and 0.23%,respectively,for a pretrial period of 15 days and a trial period of 60 days,to determine the growth performance of the Xianan cattle and the serum biochemical indicators,and to analyze the effects of dietary phosphorus levels on the rumen microbiota.The experiment results showed that dry matter intake in the 0.15%group was extremely significantly lower than that of the other three groups;average daily gain of the 0.18%and 0.20%groups was significantly higher than that of the 0.15%group,and the average daily gain of Xianan cattle was the highest,up to 0.92 kg at a phosphorus level of 0.20%.There was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of dry matter,neutral detergent fiber,acidic detergent fiber,crude protein,and calcium among the groups of Xianan cattle,and the apparent digestibility of phosphorus increased linearly with increasing dietary phosphorus levels.Dietary phosphorus levels did not affect the concentrations of serum calcium,phosphorus,urea nitrogen,or the activity of alkaline phosphatase.There were no significant effects of dietary phosphorus levels on ruminal fermentation parameters in Xianan cattle.Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria and Firmicutes remained the dominant phyla in the rumen.In conclusion,therecommended dietary phosphorus level for 13-to15-month-oldXianan cattlewith a body mass of(332.8±49.9)kgis 0.20%.

关 键 词：夏南牛 日粮磷 生长性能 瘤胃发酵 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S823.815[农业科学—畜牧学]