稻田微型螺旋推进抑草机的设计与试验  

Designand experiment of a microspiral propulsion weed controlmachine for paddy field

作　　者：吴坚 崔正卿 杨生旺 张同峰 WU Jian;CUI Zhengqing;YANG Shengwang;ZHANG Tongfeng(School of Mechanical&Energy Engineering,Zhejiang University of Science&Technology,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310023,China;Xi’an Zhide Automobile Electronic Control System Co.Ltd,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710200,China;Zhejiang WASON Cold Chain Technology Co.Ltd,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310023,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Food Logistics Equipment and Technology,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技大学机械与能源工程学院,浙江杭州310023 [2]西安智德汽车电子控制系统有限公司,陕西西安710200 [3]浙江微松冷链科技有限公司,浙江杭州310023 [4]浙江省食品物流装备技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期89-94,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0401304)。

摘　　要：为解决稻田机械除草作业中除草率低、伤苗率较高等问题,提出一种光学-机械复合除草方法,该方法通过提高水层浑浊度来抑制杂草光合作用,从而达到除草的目的。通过改进传统的螺旋推进装置,设计一种可适用于稻田土壤环境的微型螺旋推进抑草机。建立滚筒转速对螺旋滚筒工作阻力、运行转速的关系曲线;采用显式动力分析模块LS-DYNA对抑草机在稻田有水环境下的工作过程进行仿真分析,建立螺旋滚筒-土壤-水的耦合模型,进行流固耦合的仿真求解,取得抑草机在作业过程中的切削阻力及功率等参数;通过试验槽样机试验,探究水层深度对水层浑浊度影响的变化规律。结果表明:设计的微型螺旋推进抑草机最优转速为400 r/min;仿真阻力平均值较试验值大5.47%,仿真功率平均值较试验值大6.06%,仿真数据与试验数据的吻合度高,验证了仿真模型的可靠性;当试验槽中水层深度为20、40、60 mm时,浑浊度大于120 NTU的持续时间分别为5、8、8 h。In order to solve the problems of low weeding rate and high seedling injury rate in the mechanical weeding operation of rice fields,an opticalmechanical composite weed control method was proposed to suppress weed photosynthesis by changing the turbidity of the water layer with the aim to control weed.By improving the traditional spiral propulsion device,a microspiral propulsion weed control machine suitable for paddy field soil environment was developed.The relationship curves between the drum speed and the working resistance and running speed of the spiral drum were established.The explicit dynamic analysis module LS-DYNA was used to simulate and analyze the working process of the weed control machine in the paddy field water environment to establish the spiral drum-soil-water coupling model.The fluid-solid coupling simulation was performed to solve,and the cutting resistance and power parameters of the weed control machine were collected in the operation condition.Through the test tank prototype test,the changing law of the influence of water layer thickness on water layer turbidity was explored.The results showed that the optimal speed of the designed microspiral propulsion weed suppressor machine was 400 r/min;the simulated resistance was 5.47%higher than the test value on average,and the simulated power was 6.06%larger than the test value on average.The simulation data was highly consistent with the performance test data,which verified the reliability of the simulation model.When the water layer depths in the test tank were 20,40,and 60 mm,the duration of turbidity greater than 120 NTU were 5,8,and 8 h,respectively.

关 键 词：稻田 抑草机 螺旋推进 光学-机械复合除草 浑浊度 SPH算法 

分 类 号：S224.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]