考虑残保政策的多等级工人拆卸线平衡问题建模与优化  

Modelling and optimization of multi-class worker disassembly line balancing problem considering policy on protection of disabled persons

作　　者：宋昊轩 朱立夏 吴腾飞 谢心澜 张则强[1,3] SONG Haoxuan;ZHU Lixia;WU Tengfei;XIE Xinlan;ZHANG Zeqiang(Technology and Equipment of Rail Transit Operation and Maintenance Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,China;Tangshan Institute,Southwest Jiaotong University,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院轨道交通运维技术与装备四川省重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]温州大学机电工程学院,浙江温州325035 [3]西南交通大学唐山研究院,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《计算机集成制造系统》2024年第9期3084-3099,共16页Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52375268,52342505);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助项目(23YJA630139);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2024105031);四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2024NSFSC1048,2022NSFSC0449);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2682023CX009);温州市基础性工业科技资助项目(G20210024)。

摘　　要：针对拆卸企业的操作者仍以单一等级工人为主且尚未考虑雇佣残疾工人的问题,提出了考虑残疾人保障政策的多等级工人拆卸线平衡问题,建立了以最小化工作站数量、空闲均衡指标、价值指标和最大化拆卸线收益为优化目标的数学模型。基于问题特点,采用三层解码方式,设计了离散共生生物搜索算法。该算法引入莱维飞行策略,改进了互利、寄生操作,结合Pareto思想和拥挤距离机制从而筛选出多个非劣解。现有基准测试结果表明所提出算法的寻优能力和收敛性能均优于文献中的其他算法。最后,以某品牌V6发动机作为实例进一步验证所提模型和算法,与多种算法计算结果进行对比,证明所提算法计算所提模型的适用性和优越性,并为企业决策者提供多种侧重点不同的拆卸方案。To solve the problem that operators in disassembly enterprises are still dominated by single-class workers and the employment of disabled workers has not been considered,the disassembly line balancing problem for multi-grade workers with consideration of the disability protection policy was proposed,and a mathematical model with the optimization objectives of minimizing the number of workstations,the load balance,the value index and the maximization of the gain of disassembly lines was established.Based on the characteristics of the problem,a three-layer decoding approach was used to design a discrete symbiotic biological search algorithm,which added Lévy flight strategy to improve the mutualistic and parasitic operations,and screening multiple non-dominated solutions by combining the Pareto idea and the crowding distance mechanism.Existing benchmarking results showed that the proposed algorithm outperformed other algorithms in the literature in terms of optimality finding ability and convergence performance.Finally,the proposed model and algorithm were further validated by taking a V6 engine of a certain brand as an example,and the applicability and superiority of the proposed algorithm in calculating the proposed model was proved by comparing the results with those of various algorithms,which could provide decision makers of the enterprise with a variety of disassembly solutions with different focuses.

关 键 词：拆卸线平衡问题 残保政策 工人分级 共生生物搜索算法 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]