新型磷-氮复合阻燃剂的制备及其在TPU中的应用  

Preparation of new phosphorus⁃nitrogen composite flame retardant and its application in TPU

作　　者：韦深智 陈娟 饶杰 张樱豪 周敏杰 张旗[2] WEI Shenzhi;CHEN Juan;RAO Jie;ZHANG Yinghao;ZHOU Minjie;ZHANG Qi(Wuhan Yucheng Qianli Construction Co,Ltd,Wuhan 430050,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉誉城千里建工有限公司,武汉430050 [2]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430205

出　　处：《中国塑料》2024年第9期88-93,共6页China Plastics

摘　　要：以依替膦酸为磷源(EA),对苯二胺(PPD)为氮源,通过简单的一步法反应合成磷-氮有机盐阻燃剂EP,并且通过核磁共振氢谱(NMR)和红外光谱分析(FTIR)测试对其结构进行了表征。通过熔融共混法将EP与TPU混合制备阻燃改性TPU,并对制得的磷-氮有机磷酸盐阻燃剂改性TPU的热稳定性、阻燃性能和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,添加EP对TPU的热稳定性影响较小,阻燃性明显提升;添加3%(质量分数,下同)的EP时,所得到的阻燃改性TPU(TPU-3%EP)的极限氧指数(LOI)达到28.40%,可以通过UL 94阻燃V-0评级,且残炭率(CY)比纯TPU提高1倍多;与纯TPU相比,TPU-3%EP的总热释放量(THR)和峰值热释放速率(PHRR)分别降低22.12%和61.85%,材料的有效燃烧热(AEHC)也有所降低;EP主要通过在凝聚相催化成炭隔绝热氧交换来提升TPU的阻燃性能;其次在气相中发挥自由基淬灭效应也起到一定的阻燃效果。A phosphorus-nitrogen organic salt flame retardant(EP)was synthesized through a simple one-step reaction us-ing etdronic acid as a phosphorus source(EA)and antiphenylenediamine(PPD)as a nitrogen source.Its structure was characterized by 1H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy.The flame-retardant TPU was prepared by mixing TPU with EP us-ing a melt blending method,and its thermal stability,flame retardant performance,and mechanical properties were inves-tigated.The results indicated that the addition of EP generated little effect on the thermal stability of TPU,and its flame retardancy was significantly improved.The flame-retardant TPU containing 3 wt.%EP(TPU-3%EP)obtained a lim-iting oxygen index of 28.40 vol.%and also achieved a UL 94 V-0 classification in the vertical burn experiment.The re-sidual carbon yield(CY)was more than twice that of pure TPU.Compared with pure TPU,the total heat release and peak heat release rate of TPU-3%EP were reduced by 22.12%and 61.85%,respectively,and its effective combustion heat was also reduced.EP can enhance the flame-retardant performance of TPU mainly by catalyzing the condensation phase to form charcoal and isolate thermal oxygen exchange.Moreover,the free radical quenching effectiveness in the gas phase also generates a certain flame-retardant effect.

关 键 词：磷-氮有机盐阻燃剂 热塑性聚氨酯弹性体 阻燃性 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]