明代“四夷”贡使接待礼仪探析  

Reception Etiquette for Tributary Envoys from the Four"Yi"in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：陈怡舟 陈武强[2] Chen Yizhou;Chen Wuqiang

机构地区：[1]兰州文理学院美术与设计学院,兰州730010 [2]西藏民族大学民族研究院,咸阳712082

出　　处：《西藏研究》2024年第4期34-47,M0003,M0004,共16页Tibetan Studies

基　　金：2017年度国家社科基金项目“明朝时期中央政府与西藏地方使臣往来文献资料整理和研究”(项目编号:17BZS052)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：礼仪制度是中国传统文化中最独特、最珍贵的内容之一。明代接待边疆少数民族贡使的礼仪颇为典型,其礼仪规范大到朝觐、朝见程序,小到住支供给、宴会饮食规格,具体包括对边疆少数民族贡使的迎送、朝见、宴请、辞行等多个方面,事无巨细,繁锁陈冗,凸显政策性、强制性、等级性的特征。明王朝接待边疆少数民族贡使的一整套法律规范,既反映了明代朝贡法律体制的系统与完善,也反映了明代礼仪制度的发展与创新。探析明代“四夷”贡使接待礼仪规范,对增强中华文化认同,铸牢中华民族共同体意识具有深远意义。The etiquette system is one of the most unique and precious contents in traditional Chinese culture.The Ming Dynasty's reception etiquette for tributary envoys from ethnic minorities in the frontier regions was particularly typical.The etiqutte norms ranged from grand ceremonies like court audiences to minor details such as accommodation provisions and banquet food specifications.It specifically included multiple aspects such as welcoming and sending off,court audiences,banquets,and farewells for the tributary envoys from frontier ethnic minorities,with meticulous attention to detail,highlighting characteristics of policy orientation,compulsion,and hierarchy.The complete set of legal norms for receiving tributary envoys from frontier ethnic minorities in the Ming Dynasty not only reflected the systematic and refined nature of the Ming tributary legal system but also demonstrated the development and innovation of the Ming etiquette system.Analyzing the reception etiquette norms for tributary envoys from the"Four‘Yi’"in the Ming Dynasty has profound significance for enhancing Chinese cultural identity and forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.

关 键 词：“四夷”贡使 接待 礼仪 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K248[政治法律—中外政治制度] K892.9[历史地理—历史学]