宁夏回族自治区农村老年人养老意愿调查及影响因素分析  

Analysis on Influential Factors of the Preference for Old-age Support in Ningxia

作　　者：张丽虹 徐宁 王惠群[1] 胡琦[1] Zhang Lihong;Xu Ning;Wang Huiqun;Hu Qi(Ningxia Medical University,Ningxia,Yinchuan,750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第9期1-4,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(2023AAC03224);宁夏医科大学校级课题(XM2022201,XM2023222)。

摘　　要：目的:对宁夏回族自治区农村老年人的养老意愿进行调查,并分析其养老意愿的影响因素,为相关部门制定养老政策提供参考依据。方法:2023年8—9月,选取宁夏回族自治区银川市、固原市部分典型农村地区作为样本地区,采用分层抽样和方便抽样相结合的方法,抽取部分农村老年人作为调查对象。本次调查共发放问卷600份,回收有效问卷543份,问卷有效率为90.50%。采用logistic回归模型分析影响农村老年人养老意愿的主要因素。结果:宁夏回族自治区农村老年人的首选养老模式为家庭养老;婚姻状况、共同居住人数、自评健康状况、孤独感、家庭平均月收入、是否有社会基本养老保险是宁夏回族自治区农村老年人养老意愿的主要影响因素。结论:相关部门应完善养老保险体系,提高养老保障水平,从家庭角度注重养老服务的供给建设,增强“孝”文化宣传,除给予老年人经济支持外,还要给予精神慰藉与鼓励;相关部门要根据当地农村发展实际,以多元化养老模式为主,家庭和居家养老模式为辅,积极拓宽资金筹集渠道,鼓励社会力量投入农村养老产业的发展,保障养老服务供给主体多样化;各方社会组织应多方位宣传社会化养老理念,帮助农村老年人建立新的养老观念,多措并举,真正做到“老有所养、老有所依”。OBJECTIVE To investigate the pension preferences of rural elderly individuals in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and analyze the influencing factors of these preferences,thereby providing a reference for relevant departments in formulating pen⁃sion policies.METHODS Between August and September 2023,typical rural areas in Yinchuan and Guyuan cities of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were selected as sample regions.A combination of stratified sampling and convenience sampling was employed to select rural elderly individuals as survey participants.A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed,with 543 valid responses col⁃lected,yielding a response rate of 90.5%.Logistic regression models were utilized to analyze the factors influencing the pension pref⁃erences of rural elderly individuals.RESULTS The preferred pension mode among rural elderly individuals in Ningxia Hui Autono⁃mous Region was family-based care.The main factors influencing the pension preferences of rural elderly individuals in Ningxia in⁃cluded marital status,number of cohabitants,self-rated health status,loneliness,monthly family income,and whether they enjoyed basic pension insurance.CONCLUSION Starting from the supply side,optimize and improve government supply,make up for the shortcomings of the rural elderly,and alleviate the plight of insufficient rural pension service resources.Develop diversified pension modes,encourage social forces to invest in the development of rural pension industry.Promote the“filial piety”culture,and encour⁃age the elderly to change the traditional concept of pension.

关 键 词：农村 养老意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]