2023年宁德市入学新生肺结核筛查结果分析  

Analysis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Screening Results of Freshmen in Ningde in 2023

作　　者：陈志健[1,2] 吴芬霞 Chen Zhijian;Wu Fenxia(Ningde Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningde,Fujian,352100,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]宁德市疾病预防控制中心,福建宁德352100 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院宁德市疾病预防控制中心实习基地,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第9期56-58,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:通过对福建省宁德市2023年入学新生体检开展肺结核筛查,了解入学新生肺结核感染和患病情况,为相关部门开展学校肺结核防治工作提供参考依据。方法:2023年8—10月,选取宁德市2023年入学新生,按照幼儿园、小学、初中、高中(含中专、职高)、大学等不同新生类别开展肺结核筛查。筛查项目主要有可疑症状和密切接触史的问诊筛查、结核菌素/抗原皮试、胸部X线检查等。结果:2023年宁德市共对757所学校中的138423名入学新生进行肺结核筛查,筛查率为99.69%,其中有肺结核可疑症状的学生为111人,有活动性肺结核患者密切接触史的学生为160人。开展结核菌素/抗原皮试的学生为21284人,初中、高中入学新生皮试的阳性检出率分别为2.27%、3.47%,强阳性检出率分别为0.68%、1.16%。开展胸部X线检查的学生为12007人,发现活动性肺结核为4人(高中3人、大学1人),高中、大学入学新生的活动性肺结核检出率分别为1.35/万、1.94/万,入学新生的活动性肺结核总检出率为0.29/万。结论:相关部门要加强学校在肺结核防治方面的健康教育,做好日常晨午检制度和症状监测,发现有肺结核疑似症状的学生要提醒其尽快就医筛查,便于“早发现、早治疗、早预防”。OBJECTIVE Through the physical examination of freshmen in Ningde of Fujian Province in 2023,it carried out tuberculosis screening to understand the infection and prevalence of tuberculosis among freshmen,so as to provide scientific reference for relevant departments to carry out school prevention and control of tuberculosis.METHODS From August to October 2023,select new students enrolled in Ningde of Fujian in 2023,and conduct pulmonary tuberculosis screening according to different categories of new students,such as kindergarten,primary school,junior high school,high school(vocational school and vocational high school),and university.The screening items mainly include consultation screening for suspicious symptoms and close contact history,tuberculin/antigen skin test,X-ray chest X-ray examination,etc.RESULTS In 2023,a total of 138423 new students from 757 schools in Ningde were screened for tuberculosis,with a screening rate of 99.69%.Among them,111 had suspicious symptoms of tuberculosis and 160 had a history of close contact with active tuberculosis patients.There were 21284 people who conducted tuberculin/antigen skin tests.The positive detection rates of skin tests for middle and high school freshmen were 2.27%and 3.47%,and the strong positive detection rates were 0.68%and 1.16%,respectively.A total of 12007 people underwent chest X-ray examinations,and 4 people(3 in high school and 1 in college)were found to have active pulmonary tuberculosis.The detection rates of active pulmonary tuberculosis among high school and college freshmen were 1.35/104 and 1.94/104,respectively.The total detection rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis among newly enrolled students is 0.29/104.CONCLUSION Relevant departments should strengthen the health education on tuberculosis prevention and control among all teachers and students of the school,do a good job in the daily morning and afternoon examination system and symptom monitoring,and remind students with suspected symptoms of tuberculosis to seek medical treatment and screen

关 键 词：肺结核 入学新生 筛查 

分 类 号：R531[医药卫生—内科学]