中老年居民对长期护理保险的认知及其影响因素研究——基于浙江试点地区的调查  

A Study on Middle-Aged and Elderly Residents'Perceptions of Long-Term Care Insurance and Its Influencing Factors--A Survey Based on a Pilot Area in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：王嘉琳 孙银君 张涛 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学公共卫生学院,杭州311121

出　　处：《中国医疗保险》2024年第9期31-37,共7页China Health Insurance

基　　金：浙江省软科学研究计划项目“浙江省门诊共济保障政策的效果评估:基于准自然实验研究”(2023C35034)。

摘　　要：目的:本研究旨在探究中老年居民对长期护理保险的认知现状,并分析影响其认知的因素,以期为提升长期护理保险的普及率和参保率提供参考。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取浙江省桐庐县符合条件的中老年居民进行问卷调查,共收集到514份有效问卷。通过χ^(2)检验和多元logistic回归分析,研究中老年居民对长期护理保险制度认知的影响因素。结果:研究发现,自评健康状况一般的男性居民对长期护理保险的认知度较高;自由职业者相较于其他职业群体对长期护理保险的认知度较低;月收入水平对知晓率有显著正向影响;城市户籍居民、党政机关事业单位工作人员、企业员工和个体经营者对长期护理保险的认同度较高;本科及以上学历的受访者对长期护理保险的知晓率和认可度普遍处于一般水平。结论:性别、户籍、月收入、职业类型和健康自评是影响长期护理保险认知的主要因素。建议通过加大宣传力度、完善监管机制、优化待遇给付条件和形式、建立长期护理保险人员培养和激励机制等措施,提高居民对长期护理保险的认知水平。Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore the current status of middle-aged and elderly residents'cognition of long-term care insurance,and analyze the factors affecting their cognition,in order to provide a reference for improving the penetration rate and participation rate of long-term care insurance.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among eligible middle-aged and elderly residents in Tonglu County,Zhejiang Province by convenient sampling method.A total of 514 valid questionnaires were collected.χ^(2) test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to study the factors influencing residents'cognition of long-term care insurance system.Results:The study found that male residents with average self-rated health status had higher awareness of long-term care insurance.Freelancers have a lower awareness of long-term care insurance than other occupational groups.Monthly income has a significant positive effect on the awareness rate.Urban residents,staff of the Party and government agencies,employees of enterprises and self-employed people have higher recognition of long-term care insurance.Respondents with a bachelor's degree or above are generally at an average level of awareness and recognition of long-term care insurance.Conclusion:Gender,household registration,monthly income,occupation type and health self-assessment are the main factors affecting the cognition of long-term care insurance.It is suggested that measures such as increasing publicity,improving supervision mechanism,optimizing insurance payment conditions and forms,and establishing training and incentive mechanism of long-term care insurance personnel should be taken to improve residents'cognition of long-term care insurance.

关 键 词：长期护理保险 中老年人群 认知现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：F840.684[经济管理—保险] C913.7[社会学]