Morphological and cytological assessments reveal pollen degradation causes pollen abortion in cotton cytoplasmic male sterility lines  

作　　者：PEI Qingyu LIU Jinshan GUO Chunping MA Xiaomei LIU Xiaoyan YOU Chunyuan LIN Hairong LI Zhibo ZHAO Ruihai ZHU Bo WU Yuanlong PAN Zhenyuan NIE Xinhui 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agricultural of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Agricultural College,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,Xinjiang,China [2]Seed Management Station of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China [3]Cotton Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China [4]Xinjiang Jinbo Seed Industry Co.,Ltd,Bole,Xinjiang 833400,China [5]National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,College of Plant Sciences and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China [6]Cotton Research Institute,Shihezi Academy of Agriculture Science,Shihezi 832011,Xinjiang,China [7]Agricultural Science Research Institute of the 5th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shuanghe 833408,Xinjiang,China

出　　处：《Journal of Cotton Research》2024年第3期266-276,共11页棉花研究（英文）

基　　金：supported by the Fund for the Biological Breeding-Major Projects in National Science and Technology(2023ZD04038);the Key Project for Agricultural Breakthrough in Core Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops(NYHXGG,2023AA102);the Key Project for Science and Technology Development of Shihezi city,Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops(2022NY01)。

摘　　要：Background Understanding the mechanism of male sterility is crucial for producing hybrid seeds and developing sterile germplasm resources.However,only a few cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS)lines of cotton have been produced due to several challenges,like inadequate variation of agronomic traits,incomplete sterility,weak resilience of restorer lines,and difficulty in combining strong dominance.Therefore,the morphological and cytological identification of CMS in cotton will facilitate hybrid breeding.Results Two F_(2) segregating populations of cotton were constructed from cytoplasmic male sterile lines(HaA and 01A,maternal)and restorer lines(HaR and 26R,paternal).Genetic analysis of these populations revealed a segregation ratio of 3:1 for fertile to sterile plants.Phenotypic analysis indicated no significant differences in traits of flower bud development between sterile and fertile plants.However,sterile plants exhibited smaller floral organs,shortened filament lengths,and anther atrophy on the flowering day in comparison with the fertile plants.When performed scanning electron microscopy(SEM),the two F_(2) populations revealed morphological variations in the anther epidermis.Cellular analysis showed no significant differences in pollen development before pollen maturation.Interestingly,between the pollen maturation and flowering stages,the tapetum layer of sterile plants degenerated prematurely,resulting in abnormal pollen grains and gradual pollen degradation.Conclusion The results of this study suggest that fertility-restoring genes are controlled by a single dominant gene.Sterile plants exhibit distinctive floral morphology,which is characterized by stamen atrophy and abnormal anthers.Pollen abortion occurs between pollen maturity and flowering,indicating that premature tapetum degradation may be the primary cause of pollen abortion.Overall,our study provides a theoretical basis for utilizing CMS in hybrid breeding and in-depth investigation of the dominant configuration of cotton hybrid combinations,mechanis

关 键 词：COTTON Cytoplasmic male sterility Genetic analysis Morphological characteristics Pollen development 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]