石蒜田间除草剂筛选及安全性评价  

Screening and safety evaluation of herbicides in Lycoris radiata field

作　　者：岳川[1] 刘琴 曾嵩凌 赵超[1] 岁立云[1] 魏建敏 YUE Chuan;LIU Qin;ZENG Songling;ZHAO Chao;SUI Liyun;WEI Jianmin(Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 611130,China;Jianyang Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Jianyang 641400,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市农林科学院,成都611130 [2]简阳市农业农村局,四川简阳641400

出　　处：《农药》2024年第9期698-702,共5页Agrochemicals

基　　金：简阳市成都市农林科学院院市农业科技合作项目。

摘　　要：[目的]为减少石蒜出苗后田间管理劳动力投入,对规模化种植的石蒜进行苗后杂草防除。[方法]基于前期田间杂草调查,采用2.5%五氟磺草胺OD(22.5 g a.i./hm^(2))、50%2,4-滴异辛酯EC(900 g a.i./hm^(2))、20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC(180 g a.i./hm^(2))、20%硝磺草酮SC(180 g a.i./hm^(2))、56%2甲4氯钠盐WP(1056 g a.i./hm^(2))5种不同类型的茎叶除草剂,开展对石蒜杂草的防除研究,筛选高效、安全、广谱的除草剂。[结果]施药后30 d,20%硝磺草酮SC在相对株防效(95.10%)和绝对株防效(97.18%)上都是最佳的,且杀草谱广,鲜质量防效可达到78.30%,在对石蒜的药害程度方面20%硝磺草酮SC也未表现出药害。[结论]因此建议针对石蒜大规模种植出现的田间杂草,选用20%硝磺草酮SC有效剂量180 g a.i./hm^(2)防效最佳。[Aims]In order to reduce the labor input in field management after the seeding emergence and control weeds in large-scale planting of Lycoris radiata.[Methods]Based on the previous field weed survey,five foliar-applied herbicides of different types were adopted in L.radiata fields,including penoxsulam 2.5%OD(22.5 g a.i./ha),2,4-D-ethylhexyl 50%EC(900 g a.i./ha),fluroxypyr 20%EC(180 g a.i./ha),mesotrione 20%SC(180 g a.i./ha)and MCPA-sodium 56%WP(1056 g a.i./ha),to screen efficient,safe and broad-spectrum herbicides.[Results]On day30 after application,mesotrione 20%SC showed the best relative plant control effect(95.10%)and absolute plant control effect(97.18%),with wide herbicidal spectrum and fresh weight control efficacy of 78.30%.More importantly,it did not show any harm to L.radiata.[Conclusions]It is suggested to use mesotrione 20%SC to control weeds in large-scale L.radiate fields,with a recommended dosage of 180 g a.i./ha.

关 键 词：石蒜 杂草 除草剂 田间 防效 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]