初次刈割时间和乳酸菌剂对再生燕麦青贮品质的影响  

Effects of Time Point of First Cutting and Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculantson Silage Quality of Regenerated Oats

作　　者：白瑞 关皓 李海萍 王笑寒 汪辉 陈仕勇[1] BAI Rui;GUAN Hao;LI Hai-ping;WANG Xiao-han;WANG Hui;CHEN Shi-yong(College of Animal and Veterinary Science,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610041,China;Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610041,China;Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院,四川成都610041 [2]西南民族大学四川若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,四川成都610041 [3]青海师范大学,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第9期2982-2989,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2023NYXXS135);四川省科技计划项目(2021YFYZ0013)资助。

摘　　要：为研究初次刈割时间点对再生饲用燕麦(Avena sativa L.)倒伏率、青贮发酵品质及营养价值的影响,本试验以‘贝勒’(B)和‘莫妮卡’(M)燕麦为材料,对照组未进行初次刈割(B0/M0),试验组在分蘖前期(B1/M1)、中期(B2/M2)及后期(B3/M3)分别进行初次刈割,再生后在乳熟期收获并统计倒伏率。以混合乳酸菌剂为添加剂调制青贮饲料,设C处理(不添加菌处理)和J处理(按3%的量添加10^(6)cfu·mL^(-1)的乳酸菌)2个处理,室温青贮60 d,分析再生燕麦营养及发酵品质。结果表明,初次刈割时间的延后,‘贝勒’和‘莫妮卡’再生燕麦倒伏率显著下降(P<0.01)。再生燕麦青贮饲料中B3+J组具有最高的水溶性碳水化合物含量(1.27%)、最低的pH值(3.83)和最低的氨态氮∶总氮且差异均显著(P<0.01)。由此可见,分蘖后期刈割‘贝勒’和‘莫妮卡’燕麦可降低倒伏率,接种乳酸菌显著提高‘贝勒’再生燕麦青贮品质,对‘莫妮卡’再生燕麦发酵品质提升有限。To investigate the impact of initial cutting time on lodging rate,silage fermentation quality,and nutritive value of regrown forage oats(Avena sativa L.),an experiment was conducted by using‘Baylor’(B)and‘Monica’(M)oats as plant material.The control group did not undergo initial cutting(B0/M0),while the experimental groups were initially cut at early(B1/M1),mid(B2/M2),and late(B3/M3)tillering stages.After regrowth,all plants were harvested at the milk-ripe stage,and lodging rates were recorded.Silage was prepared with mixed lactic acid bacteria additives,with two treatments:control(C,without additive)and J(adding 3%of 10^(6)cfu·mL^(-1)lactic acid bacteria).The silage was fermented at room temperature for 60 days,and the nutritional and fermentation qualities of the regrown oats were analyzed.The results indicated that delayed initial cutting significantly reduced the lodging rate of regrown‘Baylor’and‘Monica’oats(P<0.01).Among the silage from regrown oats,the B3+J group exhibited the highest water-soluble carbohydrate content(1.27%),the lowest pH(3.83),and the lowest ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio,they were all significantly different(P<0.01).Therefore,cutting‘Baylor’and‘Monica’oats at the late tillering stage can reduce lodging rates,and inoculating with lactic acid bacteria significantly improves the silage quality of regrown'Baylor'oats,with limited improvement for‘Monica’oats.

关 键 词：初次刈割时间点 再生燕麦 倒伏率 乳酸菌 青贮 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]